Comparison of the Content, Antioxidant Activity, and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Effect of Polysaccharides from Momordicacharantia L. Species
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Abstract:
In this study, the differences in the content and component of Momordicacharantia L. polysaccharides (MCPs) from 13 different Momordicacharantia L. species as well as their antioxidant activity and inhibitory effect of α-glucosidase were compared. The MCPs molecular weight distribution, polysaccharides, uronic acid, and protein contents were analyzed. In addition, their antioxidant activity was evaluated by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). The 4-nitrophenyl-2-β-d-glucopyranoside method was used to measure the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and to analyze the relationship between the components and the corresponding activity. The results showed that the polysaccharide, uronic acid, and protein content of 13 Momordicacharantia L. species ranged from 5.91% to 10.62% for dry weight, 25.21% to 42.37%, and 3.17% to 4.60%, respectively. Two major components were present in all MCPs, and their molecular weights ranged from 1558.88 to 3048.56 kDa, and 33.19 to 58.74 kDa, respectively. ORAC values of the 13 Momordicacharantia L. species varied from 19.39 to 57.73 μmol Trolox /g. The maximum inhibition ratio of different species on α-glucosidase ranged from 4.80% to 92.67%. Significant positive correlations were observed between ORAC values to polysaccharide, uronic acid, and protein content (P＜0.05). Significant genetic differences were detected in their content, antioxidant activity, and inhibitory effect of α-glucosidase from different species. Polysaccharides are the main active component contributing to the antioxidant activity of the plant, and uronic acid and protein can strengthen their antioxidant activities.
