Study on Processing Technology of Single-screw Extruder to Produce Textured Beef
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Abstract:
In this study, self-cooked multifunction single-screw food extruder was used to extrude beef products to develop a method that could increase the most important life-sustaining nutrient-lysine and maintain a nutritional balance. The response surface method was used in this study to identify the effects of three operating parameters, including volume of addition of beef, feed moisture and feed size on the extrusion degree, fatty acids and amino acid composition under constant screw speed. The optimum conditions were determined as follows: constant screw speed 370 r/min, volume of addition of beef 37.00%, feed moisture 24.08% and the feed size 16 mesh. The results obtained by investigation on the changes of beef fat and amino acids before and after extrusion showed that the loss rate of fatty acid was high in the extrusion process, especially γ linolenic acid. In the extruded beef, the content of seven kinds of essential amino acids was relatively reduced, of which the lysine and serine were reduced significantly which were 16.82% and 16.20% respectively. Tyrosine and histidine were reduced slightly, being of 13.3 % and 13.8% respectively.
