鞣花多酚的吸收与代谢研究进展

Advances in the Absorption and Metabolism of Ellagitannins

摘要:

鞣花多酚是一类天然酚类化合物，广泛存在于覆盆子、草莓和石榴等多种食物中，表现出多种生物活性，如抗肿瘤和抗炎等作用。然而，研究表明鞣花多酚在体内的生物吸收率较低，这可能与其结构复杂性和较大的分子量密切相关。目前国内尚未见鞣花多酚生物吸收和代谢的系统综述，其生理活性受生物吸收与代谢影响的机制仍然不清楚。基于鞣花多酚葡萄糖核上的不同基团连接类型，该文提出了一种新的分类方法，以利于理解鞣花多酚的生物吸收与其特征基团的关系。在此基础上，该文系统回顾了鞣花多酚的代谢途径及其影响因素，重点讨论了生理条件、化学结构和摄入剂量等因素对鞣花多酚及其代谢产物在体内吸收与代谢的影响，并从代谢机制角度分析了鞣花多酚的结构特征如何影响其生理活性。该综述为鞣花多酚的代谢及功能活性研究提供了新的视角和新思路。

Abstract:

Ellagitannins are a class of natural phenolic compounds widely present in foods such as raspberries, strawberries, and pomegranates, and they exhibit diverse biological activities, including anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects. However, studies have shown that ellagitannins display low bioabsorption in vivo, which may be closely associated with their structural complexity and high molecular weight. To date, a comprehensive review of the absorption and metabolism of ellagitannins has been limited, and the mechanisms by which bioabsorption and metabolism influence their physiological activities remain unclear. Based on the different types of linkages formed between ellagitannins and the glucose moiety, a classification approach is proposed to facilitate the understanding of the relationship between ellagitannin structure and bioabsorption. Based on this, the metabolic pathways of ellagitannins and their key influencing factors are systematically reviewed, with particular emphasis on the roles of physiological conditions, chemical structure, and intake dose in regulating the absorption and metabolism of ellagitannins and their metabolites in vivo. Moreover, the relationship between structural features and physiological activities is analyzed from the perspective of metabolic mechanisms. New perspectives for future research on the metabolism and functional activities of ellagitannins are provided.