斜生栅藻生物转化咖啡渣废弃物的应用研究

Biotransformation of Spent Coffee Grounds by Scenedesmus obliquus for Resource Utilization

摘要:

咖啡渣（Spent Coffee Grounds, SCG）作为咖啡生产过程中的副产物，其妥善处理对于资源利用及环境保护意义重大。为了探索咖啡渣废弃物的生物处理，该研究选用生长迅速、抗逆性强的淡水微藻——斜生栅藻（Scenedesmus obliquus, FACHB-417）。咖啡渣经过提油、酶水解处理调制成培养基以培养斜生栅藻，实验结果表明，咖啡渣的油脂得率占咖啡渣干重的比例可达12.2 wt.%。与常规培养基（BG11）相比，咖啡渣水解液组（SCG10）中斜生栅藻的生物质积累及碳水化合物相对含量最高分别提升6.38倍和3.09倍。斜生栅藻实现了对咖啡渣中碳源的利用以积累生物质和碳水化合物，还实现了对咖啡因的生物降解，其代谢物1,3,7-三甲基尿酸在SCG10组是BG11组的28.22倍。该研究表明斜生栅藻实现了对咖啡渣的资源化利用并生物降解咖啡因，为咖啡渣的资源化利用并生成藻基营养物质提供了一种经济环保的新途径。

Abstract:

Spent coffee grounds (SCG) are a major byproduct of the coffee industry, and their proper disposal is important for resource utilization and environmental protection. Scenedesmus obliquus (FACHB-417), a microalga with rapid proliferation and strong stress tolerance, was selected to investigate the biological treatment of SCG. SCG were first subjected to oil extraction and enzymatic hydrolysis to prepare culture media for the cultivation of S. obliquus. The results showed that the oil yield from SCG reached 12.2 wt.% of dry weight. Compared with the control group (BG11), biomass accumulation and relative carbohydrate content of S. obliquus in the SCG hydrolysate group (SCG10) increased by up to 6.38-fold and 3.09-fold, respectively. S. obliquus effectively utilized carbon sources derived from SCG to promote biomass and carbohydrate accumulation, while simultaneously achieving the biodegradation of caffeine. The concentration of the caffeine metabolite 1,3,7-trimethyluronic acid increased by 28.22-fold in the SCG10 group compared with that in the BG11 group. These findings demonstrate that S. obliquus enables both the resource utilization of SCG and the biodegradation of caffeine, providing a potentially economical and environmentally friendly strategy for SCG valorization and the production of algal-based nutrients.