综合评价不同干燥方式下连翘叶功效成分及降糖降脂活性的变化

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Changes in Functional Ingredients and Hypoglycemic and Lipid-lowering Activities of Forsythia suspensa Leaves Subjected to Different Drying Methods

摘要:

考察不同干燥方式对连翘叶关键功效成分及体外降糖降脂活性的影响。分别采用自然晾干、热风烘干、真空冻干三种方式处理连翘叶，以芦丁、连翘苷、连翘酯素、连翘酯苷A、槲皮素含量及胰脂肪酶、α-淀粉酶、α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制率为评价指标，采用CRITIC权重法结合灰色关联度法综合评价不同干燥方式对连翘叶生物活性的影响。结果表明相比其他干燥方式，真空冻干能够最大限度的保留连翘叶中芦丁、连翘酯素、连翘苷、连翘酯苷A、槲皮素含量，此处理的连翘叶降糖降脂活性良好。PCA分析共提取出2个主要成分，累积贡献率达85.95%，PCA图显示3种干燥方式区分度良好，皮尔逊相关性分析表明胰脂肪酶、α-淀粉酶、α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制率均与连翘酯苷A、芦丁、槲皮素含量呈显著性正相关。经CRITIC法赋权和灰色关联度加权后可得真空冻干法综合评分最高，活性品质最优。该研究综合比较了连翘叶不同干燥方式的优劣，真空冻干方式获得的连翘叶功效成分含量最高，降糖降脂活性最强，适合于高品质产品开发。

Abstract:

The effects of different drying methods on the key functional components and in vitro hypoglycemic and lipidlowering activities of Forsythia suspensa leaves were investigated. Natural air drying, hot air drying, and vacuum freeze-drying were used to dry Forsythia suspensa leaves. The contents of rutin, phillyrin, phillygenin, forsythiaside A and quercetin, as well as inhibition rates of pancreatic lipase, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase were selected as evaluation indicators. The effects of different drying methods on the biological activity of Forsythia suspensa leaves were comprehensively evaluated using the CRITIC weighting method combined with the grey correlation method. The results showed that compared with other drying methods, the vacuum freeze-drying method could maximize the retention of rutin, phillygenin, phillyrin, forsythiaside A and quercetin contents in Forsythia suspensa leaves, and had good hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering activities. PCA analysis extracted two main components with a cumulative contribution rate of 85.95%. The PCA plot showed good discrimination among the three drying methods. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the inhibition rates of pancreatic lipase, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase were significantly positively correlated with the contents of forsythiaside A, rutin, and quercetin. After the evaluation by the CRITIC weighting method and grey correlation method, the vacuum freeze-drying method led to the highest comprehensive score and obtained the best active quality of Forsythia suspensa. This study comprehensively compared the advantages and disadvantages of three drying methods for Forsythia suspensa leaves. The Forsythia suspensa leaves obtained by the vacuum freeze-drying method had the highest content of functional ingredients and the strongest hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering activities of Forsythia suspensa leaves, which is suitable for the development of high-quality products.