高级氧化技术对邻苯二甲酸二丁酯降解研究进展

A Research Review of Dibutyl Phthalate Degradation Using Advanced Oxidation Processes

摘要:

邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（Dibutyl Phthalate, DBP）是塑化剂的一种，在塑料制品、食品包装、儿童玩具和建筑材料等行业广泛应用。DBP还是一种内分泌干扰物质，在环境中难以降解，从而造成环境中浓度积累。水体中DBP可以通过食物链或包装途径进入食品中，长期摄入含有超标DBP的食品会导致不孕不育或癌症等问题。本文综述了DBP的毒性及危害、国内外现阶段DBP检测技术、DBP在水源和食品中污染、不同高级氧化技术降解DBP的研究进展。重点阐述了臭氧氧化、光化学氧化、声化学氧化法、过硫酸盐氧化法降解DBP的机理、降解途径及动力学、中产物毒性问题。其降解机理为各种条件所产生的•OH攻击DBP分子结构，最终矿化成水和二氧化碳，降解动力学根据条件的不同可能会稍有变化，但均稳定符合伪一级反应动力学，DBP分子矿化过程中的产生的中产物毒性较本体来说有明显降低现象，但少部分中产物依旧对水生鱼类及部分藻类有毒性。由于并结合实例对后续研究提出了建议，即深入了解高级氧化技术在食品、饮用水等方面的应用，探讨在食品中的降解机理及中产物问题。

Abstract:

Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is a plasticizer widely used in various industries such as plastics, food packaging, toys, and construction materials. However, DBP is also a non-biodegradable endocrine disruptor that accumulates in the environment. DBP in water bodies can enter food through the food chain or packaging, and long-term intake of food containing excessive levels of DBP can lead to health problems such as infertility or cancer. This paper summarizes the toxicity and hazards of DBP, the current development of DBP-detection technologies at home and abroad, DBP contamination in water and food, and the research progress of DBP degradation by various advanced oxidation processes. The mechanisms, degradation pathways, and kinetics of DBP degradation by ozone oxidation, photochemical oxidation, sonochemical oxidation and persulfate oxidation are discussed, and the toxicity of intermediate products is highlighted. The degradation mechanism involves the attack of hydroxyl radicals (•OH), generated under various conditions, on the molecular structure of DBP, which is eventually mineralized into water and carbon dioxide. The degradation kinetics may change slightly depending on the specific conditions, but they are all stable and in line with pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics. The toxicities of the intermediate products generated in the process of mineralizing DBP molecules are significantly lower than that of DBP, but a small number of intermediate products are still toxic to aquatic fishes and some algae. Based on these findings and case studies, suggestions for follow-up research are proposed, namely, obtaining an in-depth understanding of the application of advanced oxidation processes in food, drinking water, and other areas, as well as exploring the degradation mechanisms in food and the issue of associated intermediate products.