二十八烷醇生物活性及开发应用的研究进展

Research Progress on Biological Activity, Application, and Development of Octacosanol

摘要:

二十八烷醇作为国家严格认证的食品添加剂，在中草药资源中蕴藏丰富，还具有降血脂、抗疲劳、防治心血管疾病等多种药理活性。目前，利用纳米、微囊、环糊精包合等高新技术，有效提高了二十八烷醇的生物利用度，推进了其在医疗、保健、食品以及饲料领域的广泛应用。然而，由于我国对二十八烷醇的研究起步较晚，再加上技术限制，其提取工艺、资源开发及规模化生产有待深入研究。该文对二十八烷醇的天然植物资源进行归纳整理，对其制备合成、体内吸收代谢及药理作用进行综述；同时，应用文献计量学的方法，分析了二十八烷醇在国内外的研究趋势和前沿热点，以期为二十八烷醇资源的开发利用及产品的研发提供理论基础。

Abstract:

As a food additive approved through rigorous certification by relevant authorities, octacosanol is abundant in botanical components and possesses various pharmacological effects. These effects include its ability to reduce blood lipid levels, alleviate fatigue, and prevent cardiovascular diseases. Currently, advanced technologies such as nanotechnology, microencapsulation, and cyclodextrin inclusion have markedly improved the bioavailability of octacosanol, thereby expanding its applicability across multiple sectors, including pharmaceuticals, healthcare, food production, and animal feed. Nevertheless, research on octacosanol in China is still in its early stages and is hindered by technical challenges. Therefore, the processes involved in extraction, resource development, and large-scale production of octacosanol necessitate further research. This article provides an overview of the natural plant sources of octacosanol as well as the preparation techniques, synthesis routes, in vivo absorption and metabolism, and pharmacological properties. Bibliometric methods were employed to analyze trends and hotspots of domestic and international research on octacosanol. The aim of this analysis was to establish a strong theoretical framework for the exploitation and utilization of octacosanol resources and advance the research and development of octacosanol-based products.