超声辅助低共熔溶剂高效提取五味子酯甲的工艺优化及抑菌活性

High-efficiency Ultrasound-assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction of Schisantherin A: Process Optimization and Bacteriostatic Activity

摘要:

该研究以低共熔溶剂为提取剂，采用超声辅助低共熔溶剂技术从南五味子中提取其有效成分-五味子酯甲，确定了最佳提取溶剂，考察了其含水量、提取温度、液料比、超声时间和超声功率对五味子酯甲提取量的影响，采用响应曲面法对提取工艺进行优化，并与传统有机溶剂提取工艺进行了比较。结果表明，最佳提取溶剂为氯化胆碱与乙酰丙酸（摩尔比2:3）的组合；最佳提取工艺：溶剂含水量体积分数20%、提取温度63 ℃、液料体积质量比21:1（mL/g）、超声时间63 min和超声功率150 W。在此条件下，五味子酯甲的提取量为10.12 mg/g，实验值与预测值接近，证明了模型的有效性，可以很好地预测五味子酯甲提取的最佳工艺条件。与体积分数80%二甲基亚砜和95%乙醇的提取量作比较，分别是二者的1.98倍和3.30倍。五味子酯甲对大肠杆菌干预24 h后，在其质量浓度为2.25~4.50 mg/mL时，五味子酯甲对大肠杆菌具有高度抑菌效果。该研究为五味子酯甲的高效、绿色提取及其在抑菌方面的开发应用提供了借鉴。

Abstract:

Ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction technology was employed to extract the active ingredient, Schisantherin A (SCA), from Schisandra sphenanthera. The optimal extraction solvent was determined, and the influences of water content, extraction temperature, liquid–solid ratio, sonication time, and sonication power on SCA extraction yield were investigated. Response surface methodology was adopted for optimization of the extraction process, and the optimized process was compared with extraction using conventional organic solvents. The results indicated that the optimal extracting agent was a combination of choline chloride and levulinic acid (molar ratio of 2:3), and the optimal process conditions for extraction were as follows: 20% water content of the solvent (volume fraction), 63 ℃ extraction temperature, 21:1 liquid-solid ratio (mL/g), 63 min sonication time, and 150 W sonication power. The SCA extraction yield under these conditions was 10.12 mg/g, which was close to the predicted value and demonstrated the effectiveness of the model in predicting the optimal process conditions for SCA extraction. In addition, the extraction yield was 1.98- and 3.30-fold that of the yields obtained by extraction using 80 vol% dimethyl sulfoxide and 95 vol% ethanol, respectively. Good bacteriostatic effects were exhibited when Escherichia coli was subjected to 24 hours of intervention with SCA at a mass concentration of 2.25~4.50 mg/mL. The results of this study can serve as reference for high-efficiency and green extraction of SCA and its development and application in bacteriostasis.