俄罗斯第三代大果沙棘果实品质综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation of Quality of the Third-generation Sea Buckthorn Fruit from Russia

摘要:

为了比较俄罗斯第三代大果沙棘优良品种果实品质特性，该研究以8个进口的俄罗斯第三代大果沙棘品种为研究对象，以目前“三北”地区大面积推广的主栽大果沙棘‘深秋红’为对照，针对其果实的百果质量、总酚含量、维生素E含量等20项品质指标进行测定，采用主成分分析及回归分析方法对其进行综合评价。结果表明：8个俄罗斯第三代大果沙棘百果质量为25.27~73.18 g，维生素E含量为7.21~158.54 μg/g，总酚含量为1.26~2.68 mg/g，可溶性糖含量为18.46~29.86 mg/g，甜酸比为0.85~2.00。主成分分析共提取5个主成分，代表了以上指标的93.767%的信息。采用逐步回归分析的方法将原有20项评价指标简化为维生素E 含量、甜酸比和总酚含量3项指标。综合评价发现，除‘丹棒’外，其余7个俄罗斯品种综合评分均超过对照品种‘深秋红’，且‘苏达鲁斯卡’、‘伊丽莎白’、‘皇冠’、‘橙棒’得分较高。该研究结果为不同地区栽植的大果沙棘果实品质评价和主要品质指标的确定提供了依据，并筛选出苏达鲁斯卡’、‘伊丽莎白’、‘皇冠’、‘橙棒’4个优良品种，可作为优质沙棘资源重点加以推广利用。

Abstract:

In order to compare the quality characteristics of the excellent third-generation large-fruit Russian seabuckthorn varieties, eight varieties of imported third-generation large seabuckthorn fruits from Russia as the research objects of this study, and the main cultivated large-fruit seabuckthorn variety ‘Shenqiuhong’ that is currently promoted widely in the “Three North” region as the control. The 20 quality indicators such as fruit quality, total phenolic content, and vitamin E content were measured, and the principal component analysis and regression analysis methods were used for a comprehensive evaluation. The results showed that the fruit mass of the eight third-generation Russian sea buckthorn varieties was 25.27~73.18 g, with their vitamin E contents ranging in 7.21~158.54 μg/g, their total phenolic contents ranging in 1.26~2.68 mg/g, their soluble sugar contents ranging in 18.46~29.86 mg/g, and their sweet-acid ratios ranging in 0.85~2.00. The principal component analysis extracted a total of 5 principal components, representing 93.767% of the information of the above indicators. Using stepwise regression analysis, the original 20 evaluation indicators were simplified into three indicators: vitamin E content, sweet-acid ratio, and total phenolic content. The comprehensive evaluation found that, except for 'Danbang', the comprehensive scores of the other seven Russian varieties all exceeded that of the control variety ‘Shenqiuhong’, and ‘Sudalusika’, ‘Yilishabai’, ‘Huangguan’, ‘Chengbang’ were scored higher. The research results provide a basis for evaluating the quality of large-fruit seabuckthorn berry planted in different regions and determining their main quality indicators. And four excellent varieties, ‘Shenqiuhong’, and ‘Sudalusika’, ‘Yilishabai’, ‘Huangguan’, ‘Chengbang’ were screened out, which can be promoted and utilized as key high-quality seabuckthorn resources.