不同富硒地区茶叶水提物功能性成分及抗氧化活性分析

Analysis of Functional Components and Antioxidant Activity of Tea Water Extract s from Different Selenium-rich Regions

摘要:

该研究以万源、恩施和安康三个富硒产地的9种茶叶为原料，研究水提物中粗多糖、总酚、总黄酮和硒含量。以抗坏血酸（Vc）为阳性对照，测定DPPH自由基清除率、总还原力、羟基自由基清除率和ABTS+自由基清除率。采用相关性分析、聚类分析揭示了茶叶水提物的功能性成分和抗氧化活性之间的关系。9种茶叶水提物功能性成分测定结果表明，四川万源雀舌（WY-1）水提物的粗多糖质量浓度最高为260.81 mg/g；四川万源明前毛峰（WY-2）水提物的总酚质量浓度最高为138.85 mg/g；湖北利川红茶（LC-1）水提物的总黄酮质量浓度最高为109.42 mg/g ；陕西安康毛尖（AK-2）水提物的硒质量浓度最高为0.247 2 mg/kg。WY-1水提物对DPPH自由基、总还原力、羟基自由基和ABTS+自由基的清除能力最强（P<0.05），WY-2水提物的总还原力和对ABTS+自由基清除能力也显著强于其他地区（P<0.05）。Pearson相关性分析显示茶叶水提物中的粗多糖、总酚含量与抗氧化活性有显著正相关（P<0.05），而总黄酮含量与抗氧化活性有显著负相关（P<0.05）。聚类分析结果显示，三个富硒地区9种茶叶水提物的生物活性存在显著差异。综合比较WY-1和WY-2抗氧化能力较强，具有一定的研究价值。

Abstract:

In this study, nine kinds of tea leaves from three selenium-rich producing areas, Wanyuan, Enshi and Ankang were used as raw materials, and the contents of crude polysaccharide, total phenol, total flavone and selenium in their water extracts were examined. Ascorbic acid (Vc) was used as the positive control to measure the DPPH free radical scavenging rate, total reducing power, hydroxyl free radical scavenging rate and ABTS+ free radical scavenging rate. Correlation analysis and cluster analysis were used to reveal the relationship between functional components and antioxidant activities of tea water extracts. The analysis results of functional components in the 9 tea water extracts showed that the highest concentration of crude polysaccharides in the water extract of Sichuan Wanyuan Queshe (WY-1) was 260.81 mg/g. The water extract of Sichuan Wanyuan Mingqian Maofeng (WY-2) had the highest total phenol mass concentration (138.85 mg/g). The water extract of Hubei Lichuan black tea (LC-1) had the highest concentration of total flavonoids (109.42 mg/g). The mass concentration of selenium in the water extract of Ankang Maojian (AK-2) was the highest (0.247 2 mg/kg). The WY-1 water extract had the strongest scavenging ability against DPPH free radicals, total reducing power, and abilities against hydroxyl free radical and ABTS+ free radical (P<0.05), whereas, the WY-2 water extract also had significantly stronger total reducing power and ABTS+ scavenging ability than those in other regions (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the contents of crude polysaccharide and total phenol in the tea water extracts were significantly positively correlated with their antioxidant activities (P<0.05), whilst the contents of total flavonoids the tea water extracts were significantly negatively correlated with their antioxidant activities (P<0.05). Clustering analysis revealed the significant differences in the biological activities of the water extracts of the nine teas from the three selenium-rich regions. The comprehensive comparison showed that WY-1 and WY-2 have strong antioxidant abilities and have certain research value.