天然多糖可通过靶向肠道菌群改善机体健康，近些年备受关注。Prevotella copri作为人体肠道菌群中常见的一种普雷沃氏菌，与人体健康密切相关。为了探究木聚糖、木葡聚糖、阿拉伯聚糖、阿拉伯木聚糖和阿拉伯半乳聚糖作为单一碳源对P. copri的富集作用差异，该研究基于单菌发酵和体外模拟大肠酵解实验，测定了OD600、短链脂肪酸含量和P. copri丰度等指标。结果表明，在单菌发酵中，木聚糖和阿拉伯聚糖促进P. copri 2-27 生长（OD600 增量0.64和0.61）以及产乙酸能力（10.66 mg·mL-1和9.87 mg·mL-1）最优；在体外酵解中，阿拉伯聚糖、木聚糖、阿拉伯半乳聚糖和阿拉伯木聚糖对P. copri富集作用依次递减，阿拉伯聚糖富集P. copri的能力最强，绝对丰度达到60.63 ng·mL-1，且产乙酸、丁酸能力较好（4.60 mg·mL-1和2.78 mg·mL-1），木聚糖虽易被利用但对其富集效果不佳，丰度仅有6.98 ng·mL-1。因此，阿拉伯聚糖对P. copri表现出最佳的促生长和富集作用。该研究为探究多糖与P. copri 互作对机体健康的影响提供了理论参考。

Natural polysaccharides could regulate gut microbiota to promote host health and have gained significant attention in recent years. Prevotella copri, a common Prevotella species in the gut microbiota, is closely related to human health. To investigate the differential enrichment effects of xylan, xyloglucan, arabinan, arabinoxylan, and arabinogalactan (as sole carbon sources) on P. copri, single-bacteria fermentation and in vitro fermentation were conducted. Parameters including OD600, SCFAs and P. copri, etc., were systematically measured. In single-bacteria fermentation, the growth of P. copri 2-27 and its acetic acid production were significantly promoted by xylan and arabinan, with OD600 increments of 0.64 and 0.61, and acetic acid concentrations of 10.66 mg·mL-1 and 9.87 mg·mL-1, respectively. During in vitro fermentation, the strongest enrichment capacity for P. copri was seen with arabinan (absolute abundance: 60.63 ng·mL-1), followed sequentially by xylan, arabinogalactan, and arabinoxylan. Notably, arabinan group maintained superior acetic acid and butyric acid production capacities (4.60 mg·mL-1 and 2.78 mg·mL-1, respectively). Although xylan was highly utilized, its P. copri enrichment effect remained limited (6.98 ng·mL-1). Consequently, arabinan was identified as the optimal polysaccharide for promoting P. copri growth and enrichment. This study provided a theoretical reference for exploring the impact of polysaccharides-P. copri interaction on host health.

优秀青年科学基金项目（32222065）；江西省重点研发计划项目（20223BBF61023）