不同产地菊芋成分差异及综合品质评价

Compositional Differences and Comprehensive Quality Evaluation of Helianthus tuberosus from Different Origins

摘要:

为了探究不同产地菊芋的成分特征，并建立一种科学的菊芋品质评价方法，该研究以41个产地的菊芋为研究对象，测定其14项基本品质指标含量。通过主要糖类组分指纹图谱相似度评价、相关性分析、聚类分析探究了不同产地菊芋的成分差异及气象因素对成分的影响，利用相关性分析、主成分分析、熵权法结合灰色关联度分析等多种化学计量学方法建立菊芋综合品质评价模型。结果表明，不同产地菊芋的理化成分含量存在显著差异（P<0.05），其中总黄酮的变异系数为63.78%，差异最大。主要糖类组分指纹图谱中共确定11个共有峰，整体相似度在0.890~0.999，主要差异在于含量的不同，其中菊芋的多种糖类组分含量与降雨量、气温、日照时长等气象因素密切相关。聚类分析将41个产地的菊芋分为4类，相关性分析与主成分分析筛选出4个核心品质指标，分别为蔗果五糖、水分、果糖和灰分。灰色关联度分析结果显示吉林白山、甘肃定西、辽宁锦州的菊芋综合品质最优。该研究为菊芋的品质评价及综合利用提供了理论基础。

Abstract:

In order to explore the compositional characteristics of Helianthus tuberosus from different origins and establish a scientific quality evaluation method, this study took Helianthus tuberosus from 41 origins as research objects and determined the content of 14 basic quality indicators. Compositional differences among Helianthus tuberosus from different origins and the effects of meteorological factors on their components were explored using similarity evaluation of the fingerprint of major sugar components, correlation analysis, and cluster analysis. A comprehensive quality evaluation model for Helianthus tuberosus was established using a combination of correlation analysis, principal component analysis, entropy weight method, and grey relational analysis. The results showed that there were significant differences in the physicochemical component contents of Helianthus tuberosus from different origins (P<0.05), with the highest variation coefficient of 63.78% for total flavonoids. 11 common peaks were identified in the fingerprint of major sugar components, with the overall similarity ranging from 0.890 to 0.999, and the main differences were in the content. The contents of various sugar components in Helianthus tuberosus were closely related to meteorological factors such as rainfall, temperature, and sunshine duration. Cluster analysis divided the Helianthus tuberosus from 41 origins into 4 categories. 4 core quality indices were identified by correlation analysis and principal component analysis, namely sucrose pentasaccharide, water content, fructose and ash. Grey relational analysis ranked Baishan in Jilin, Dingxi in Gansu, and Jinzhou in Liaoning as having superior comprehensive quality. This study provides a theoretical basis for the quality evaluation and comprehensive utilization of Helianthus tuberosus.