1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯干预下断奶期小鼠肠道菌群及其代谢变化

Changes in Intestinal Flora and Its Metabolism of Weanling Mice under the Intervention of 1,3-Dioleic Acid-2-Palmitic Acid Triglycerides

摘要:

为了研究1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯（OPO）对断奶期小鼠肠道健康的影响。通过饲养断奶期小鼠4周，以对照组（CON组）、低剂量OPO组和高剂量OPO组进行比较，分析血清炎症水平、肠道组织形态、紧密连接蛋白基因表达、肠道通透性指标、肠道菌群多样性和短链脂肪酸变化等指标。结果显示，与CON组相比，LOPO组小鼠血清中TNF-α和IL-1β含量分别降低9.05%（P<0.01）和9.71%（P<0.05）；HOPO组分别降低10.71%（P<0.001）和7.84%。LOPO组claudin-1相对mRNA表达量相较CON组增加了31.37%（P＜0.05），而HOPO组增加了38.24%（P＜0.001）。同时，LOPO组和HOPO小鼠血清LPS含量相较CON组分别下降了8.43%和8.66%（P<0.05）。此外，膳食OPO调节了肠道菌群组成，增加了Akkermansia、Dubosiella和Bifidobacterium的相对丰度，减少了Desulfovibrio的相对丰度。SCFAs结果显示，与CON组相比，LOPO组乙酸、丙酸、正丁酸和正戊酸的含量分别增加了162.32%、72.7%、216.24%和25.2%；HOPO组分别增加了160.68%、74.58%、163.85%和23.03%（P<0.001）。综上，膳食OPO可通过调节肠道菌群及相关SCFAs代谢，增强断奶期小鼠肠道屏障功能、抑制全身炎症反应，为OPO靶向调控肠道菌群提供了理论基础。

Abstract:

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoyl-glycerol (OPO) on gut health in weaned mice. Weaned mice were fed for 4 weeks and compared across three groups: the control group (CON group), the low-dose OPO group, and the high-dose OPO group. Various indicators were analyzed, including serum inflammation levels, intestinal tissue morphology, gene expression of tight junction proteins, intestinal permeability markers, gut microbiota diversity, and changes in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The results showed that compared to the CON group, the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the LOPO group were reduced by 9.05% (P<0.01) and 9.71% (P<0.05), respectively; while in the HOPO group, the reductions were 10.71% (P<0.001) and 7.84%. The relative mRNA expression of claudin-1 in the LOPO group increased by 31.37% (P<0.05) compared to the CON group, whereas in the HOPO group, it increased by 38.24% (P<0.001). Additionally, serum LPS levels in the LOPO and HOPO groups decreased by 8.43% and 8.66% (P<0.05), respectively, compared to the CON group. Furthermore, dietary OPO regulated the gut microbiota composition, increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia, Dubosiella, and Bifidobacterium, while decreasing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio. SCFA results indicated that compared to the CON group, the contents of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and valeric acid in the LOPO group increased by 162.32%, 72.7%, 216.24%, and 25.2%, respectively; in the HOPO group, they increased by 160.68%, 74.58%, 163.85%, and 23.03% (P<0.001). In conclusion, dietary OPO may enhance intestinal barrier function and inhibit systemic inflammatory responses in weaned mice by modulating gut microbiota and related SCFA metabolism, providing a theoretical basis for targeted regulation of gut microbiota by OPO.