基于ICP-MS法比较广西不同产地虫茶无机元素的差异

Analysis of the Differences in Inorganic Elements of Insect Tea from Different Producing Areas in Guangxi by ICP-MS Method

摘要:

为了研究广西不同产地虫茶无机元素含量差异及安全性，采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）测定广西三江、龙胜、融安、平南、梧州五大产地虫茶中K、Ca、Mg等29种无机元素含量，结合方差分析、Duncan多重比较、Pearson相关性分析以及主成分分析（PCA）等多种统计分析方法对不同产地虫茶无机元素含量的差异性进行分析，结果表明，各元素在不同产地的分布呈现出复杂且多样的差异特征（P<0.05)；相关性分析发现，广西虫茶中部分元素存在显著或极显著相关，其中B与K、Ca与Ti、Zn与Na两两之间极显著正相关（P＜0.01），Ca与Sr、Al与Cu、Mn与Ni、Sr与Ti、Ba与B、Ba与Sr两两之间显著正相关（P＜0.05），而Mg与Ba、Mg与Sr两两之间显著负相关（P＜0.05）；主成分分析（PCA）提取出3个主成分，累积方差贡献率达94.5%，明确了K、Ca等多种元素是造成不同产地虫茶无机元素组成差异的主要特征元素，基于主成分得分3D散点图初步构建虫茶产地溯源模型；在安全性评估方面，虽目前虫茶重金属含量未超茶叶标准，但三江产区Pb、Cr含量相对偏高。该研究为广西虫茶的产地判别、品质评价和质量控制提供了理论依据和数据支持。

Abstract:

To investigate the inorganic element content differences and safety of insect tea from various producing areas in Guangxi, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to determine 29 inorganic elements such as K, Ca and Mg in insect tea from five major production areas in Guangxi production areas (Sanjiang, Longsheng, Rong'an, Pingnan, and Wuzhou).Multiple statistical analyses were conducted, including ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test, Pearson correlation analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA), to analyze the differences in the contents of inorganic elements in insect tea from different producing areas.The results showed that there were complex and diverse characteristics of differences (P<0.05) in the contents of various inorganic elements in insect tea from different producing areas. The correlation analysis revealed that some elements in Guangxi insect tea were significantly or extremely significantly correlated. Specifically, there were extremely significant positive correlations (P＜0.01) between B and K, Ca and Ti, and Zn and Na. Significant positive correlations (P＜0.05) were found between Ca and Sr, Al and Cu, Mn and Ni, Sr and Ti, Ba and B, as well as Ba and Sr. In contrast, significant negative correlations (P＜0.05) were observed between Mg and Ba, and between Mg and Sr. Through principal component analysis (PCA), three principal components were extracted, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 94.5%. It was determined that multiple elements such as K and Ca were the main characteristic elements contributing to the differences in the composition of inorganic elements in insect tea from different producing areas. A traceability model for the origin of insect tea was preliminarily constructed based on the 3D scatter plot of the principal component scores.In terms of the safety assessment, although the contents of heavy metals in the insect tea were not found to exceed the standards for tea, the contents of Pb and Cr in the insect tea from the Sanjiang production area were relatively high.This results of this study provide a theoretical basis and data support for the origin discrimination, quality evaluation, and quality control of insect tea in Guangxi.