为明确富含麦角甾醇的香菇柄提取物对脂质代谢的影响，该文首先采用高效液相色谱法分析了香菇菌盖和菌柄中麦角甾醇的含量，随后在高胆固醇饮食诱导的大鼠模型中进一步考察了菌柄的正己烷提取物（SEHE）和甲醇/二氯甲烷提取物（SEMD）对大鼠血脂、肝脏脂质及粪便脂质的调节作用。结果显示，香菇菌盖中的麦角甾醇含量为7.82 mg ? g-1，显著高于菌柄的5.24 mg ? g-1。在两种菌柄提取物中，SEHE的麦角甾醇含量为20.31%（W/W），而SEMD则为6.12%（W/W）。动物实验表明，SEHE和SEMD均能显著降低大鼠血清中的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol，LDL-C）水平，降幅分别为51.02%（P < 0.05）和58.34%（P < 0.05），同时有效降低LDL-C/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）比值，降幅分别为54.61%（P < 0.05）和53.04%（P < 0.05）。这两种提取物还能减少大鼠肝脏中的胆固醇含量（-19.31%，P < 0.05；-23.73%，P < 0.05）和甘油三酯含量（-9.82%，P = 0.11；-24.83%，P < 0.05）。此外，SEMD还能显著降低大鼠血清中的总胆固醇（Total Cholesterol，TC）水平（-13.31%，P < 0.05）。上述结果表明，两种菌柄提取物均能有效调节大鼠脂质代谢，具有作为预防心血管疾病的功能性食品成分的潜力。

To determine the effect of ergosterol-rich Lentinus Edodes stalk extracts on lipid metabolism, this study first analyzed the content of ergosterol in the cap and stalk of Lentinula edodes by high performance liquid chromatography, and then further investigated the regulatory effects of the n-hexane extract (SEHE) and methanol/dichloromethane extract (SEMD) of the stalk on serum lipids, liver lipids and fecal lipids in a rat model induced by a high-cholesterol diet. The results showed that the ergosterol content in the cap of Lentinula edodes was 7.82 mg ? g-1, which was significantly higher than that of 5.24 mg ? g-1 in the stalk. Among the two stalk extracts, the ergosterol content of SEHE was 20.31% (W/W), while that of SEMD was 6.12% (W/W). Animal experiments showed that both SEHE and SEMD could significantly reduce the level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in rat serum, with reductions of 51.02% (P < 0.05) and 58.34% (P < 0.05), respectively, and effectively reduce the LDL-C/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio, with reductions of 54.61% (P < 0.05) and 53.04% (P < 0.05), respectively. These two extracts could also reduce the cholesterol content (-19.31%, P < 0.05; -23.73%, P < 0.05) and triglyceride content (-9.82%, P = 0.11; -24.83%, P < 0.05) in the rat liver. In addition, SEMD could also significantly reduce the total cholesterol (TC) level in rat serum (-13.31%, P < 0.05). The above results indicate that both stalk extracts can effectively regulate lipid metabolism in rats and have the potential to be used as functional food ingredients for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

Q946.48