以药食两用植物柠檬醛型野草香为原料进行精油提取及GC-MS成分测定，并利用Illumina NovaSeq 6000高通量测序获得其转录组数据信息，挖掘其精油合成关键酶基因。结果表明，该野草香种质柠檬醛含量在80%以上，高通量测序后共获得22.08 GB数据，147 186 998条高质量序列，利用Trinity组装获得33 720条unigenes，平均长度1 799 bp，均在7大公共数据库中成功获得功能注释。通过KEGG代谢通路分析显示有2条单萜代谢相关途径，为萜类骨架生物合成（编号为ko00900）和单萜类生合成（编号为ko00902），相关unigenes分别有109条和32条；扩增获得1 143 bp的香叶醇脱氢酶基因（GeDH），编码380个氨基酸，具有保守的Zn2、NADP结合位点和类似于紫苏属植物的Zn1结构基团，为进一步研究香薷属植物特色精油中单萜生物合成途径解析寻找到新的切入点。GeDH基因作为调控柠檬醛精油合成的关键酶，其挖掘为天然柠檬醛精油的开发利用提供了一定的帮助，为拓宽食用调味油、天然食品抗菌剂的种类奠定了基础。

The essential oil of a medicinal and edible citral chemotype of Elsholtzia cyprianii was extracted and it components were subsequently identified using GC-MS. Transcriptome data were obtained using Illumina high-throughput sequencing (NovaSeq 6000), and key enzyme-coding genes involved in essential oil synthesis were identified. The results showed that the citral content of the E. cyprianii germplasm exceeded 80%. After high-throughput sequencing, a total of 22.08 GB of data and 147 186 998 clean reads were obtained. In total, 33 720 unigenes with an average length of 1799 bp were generated using the Trinity assembly, and all were successfully functionally annotated in seven major open databases. KEGG metabolic pathway analysis revealed that the unigenes were enriched in two monoterpene pathways, with 109 unigenes related to terpenoid backbone biosynthesis (No. ko00900) and 32 unigenes associated with monoterpenoid biosynthesis (No. ko00902). The 1143 bp geraniol dehydrogenase (GeDH) gene encoding 380 amino acids was amplified. The GeDH protein contained conserved Zn2- and NADP-binding sites and a Zn1 structural group similar to that in Perilla. Our findings provide a new breakthrough point for further research on the biosynthesis pathway of monoterpenoids in the characteristic essential oils of Elsholtzia. The mining of GeDH, which encodes a key enzyme that regulates the synthesis of citral essential oils, will prove invaluable in the development and utilization of natural citral essential oils and lays the foundation for increasing the variety of edible flavored oils and natural antibacterial agents for use in food products.

国家自然科学基金项目（32260102）；云南省院士专家工作站项目（202305AF150030）