为评价黑米单独和联合膳食纤维对便秘小鼠的通便效果，将雄性ICR小鼠分为空白对照组、便秘模型组、黑米组（黑米100%）、黑米联合菊粉组（黑米90%+菊粉10%）、黑米联合聚葡萄糖组（黑米90%+聚葡萄糖10%）、黑米联合膳食纤维组（黑米80%+菊粉10%+聚葡萄糖10%）。小鼠喂养定制饲料14 d后连续5 d灌胃复方地芬诺酯造模，恢复2 d后解剖进行分析。结果显示，黑米单独或联合膳食纤维均具有较好的通便润肠作用。黑米单独作用时日常平均排便重量及排便粒数比模型组分别增加11.65%、19.05%，并且可以更好地维持肠道结构特征，防止结肠粘液细胞数量减少，显著提高肠道GSH-Px活性105.32%，降低MDA含量33.27%。黑米单独或联合膳食纤维可以明显降低便秘小鼠血清的抑制性神经递质NO、VIP含量，提高兴奋性神经递质MTL、SP、Ach含量；其中黑米联合聚葡萄糖组下调水通道蛋白AQP3、AQP4、AQP8和AQP9基因表达效果更为显著。黑米单独或联合膳食纤维在上述不同指标上体现出差异化影响结果，但都具有显著的通便作用。

To evaluate the effects of black rice alone and in combination with dietary fiber on intestinal and bowel movements in mice with constipation, male ICR mice were divided into a blank control group, a constipation model group, a black rice group (100% black rice), a black rice combined with inulin group (90% black rice+10% inulin), a black rice combined with polydextrose group (90% black rice+10% polydextrose), and a black rice combined with dietary fiber group (80% black rice+10% inulin+10% polydextrose). Mice were fed custom feed for 14 days and continuously gavaged with diphenoxylate for 5 days to develop the model. After 2 days of recovery, the mice were dissected for analysis. The results showed that black rice alone or in combination with dietary fiber exhibited good laxative and intestinal-hydration effects. When black rice was used alone, the daily average defecation weight and number of defecated particles increased by 11.65% and 19.05%, respectively, compared to those in the model group. Moreover, black rice demonstrated retention of intestinal structural characteristics, prevention of the decrease in colonic mucus cell count, significant increase in intestinal glutathione peroxidase activity by 105.32%, and reduction of the malondialdehyde content by 33.27%. Black rice alone or in combination with dietary fiber significantly reduced the content of inhibitory neurotransmitters, nitric oxide and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, in the serum of mice with constipation, and increased the content of excitatory neurotransmitters, MTL, SP, and acetylcholine. The combination of black rice and polydextrose showed a more significant downregulation effect on the expression levels of aquaporin (AQP) 3, AQP4, AQP8, and AQP9. These findings indicate that black rice alone or in combination with dietary fiber have remarkable laxative effects.

广州市科技计划项目（202201011834）；广东省农业科学院食品营养与健康研究中心建设运行经费（XTXM202205）；广东省农业科学院中青年学科带头人“金颖之光”培养项目（R2023PY-JG014）；广东省重点研发项目（2022B0202020003）；广东省财政厅专项（粤财农〔2022〕167号）；广东特支计划项目（2019BT02N112）；广东省农业科学院农业优势产业学科团队建设项目（202108TD）