采用单因素试验和L9（34）正交试验设计法，以加水量、提取次数、提取时间和提取温度为考察对象，以化橘红柚皮苷质量分数和干浸膏质量分数为考察指标，确定化橘红最佳提取工艺参数；并通过饲喂高脂饲料建立混合型高脂血症小鼠模型，探讨化橘红提取物对实验小鼠高脂血症的降脂作用。结果表明，化橘红水提物的优选制备工艺参数为：以水作为溶媒，料液比1:30，提取温度70 ℃，提取3次，每次60 min。在此工艺条件下，化橘红水提物柚皮苷质量分数为56.15 mg/g，传统工艺主要以乙醇为溶媒，此工艺可为化橘红水提提供参考。与模型组相比，化橘红高剂量组胆固醇（TC）、甘油三脂（TG）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平分别降低了47.11%，36.84%和65.18%，肝指数和Lee’s指数显著降低，血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）和谷草转氨酶（AST）水平分别降低了56.68%和56.63%，且可以改善肝细胞肿胀变性，减轻脂滴沉积以及脂肪空泡形成。结果说明，化橘红提取物对混合型高脂血症模型小鼠有降脂作用。

The optimal extraction conditions of exocarpium Citri grandis were determined using a single-factor test and an orthogonal test. The effects of water addition, extraction frequency, extraction time, and extraction temperature were investigated; the mass fractions of naringin and dry extract were used as evaluation indexes. Furthermore, a combined hyperlipidemia mouse model was established by feeding mice a high-fat diet to investigate the lipid level-lowering effects of exocarpium Citri grandis extract. The results showed that the optimal conditions for preparing the aqueous extract of exocarpium Citri grandis were as follows: solvent, water; solid-liquid ratio, 1:30; and extraction temperature, 70 ℃; the extraction was performed three times (60 minutes each time). Under these conditions, the naringin content in the aqueous extract of exocarpium Citri grandis was 56.15 mg/g. Traditional processes mainly use ethanol as the solvent; this process can provide a reference for aqueous extraction of Exocarpium Citri Grandis. The high-dose exocarpium Citri grandis group showed 47.11%, 36.84%, and 65.18% lower levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C, respectively, significantly lower liver index and Lee's index values, and 56.68% and 56.63% lower serum ALT and AST levels, respectively, than the model group. The high-dose group also showed milder liver cell swelling and degeneration and reduced lipid droplet deposition and fat vacuole formation. The results indicate that the exocarpium Citri grandis extract exerts lipid level-lowering effects on mice with combined hyperlipidemia.

国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC1706702）