研究鸡胚外泌体对小鼠延缓衰老的作用。超高速离心法制备鸡胚外泌体并鉴定；通过体外造血集落形成实验证明其促进造血的能力；用D-半乳糖（D-galactose, D-gal）制作小鼠衰老模型，灌胃不同浓度鸡胚外泌体，检测行为学、血清学指标和肝肾病理等。集落实验显示鸡胚外泌体组的红系爆式集落形成单位（Burst Forming Unit-Erythroid, BFU-E）集落体积更大，低、中、高剂量组的集落数量分别比对照组增加了63.90%、59.47%、68.82%（P<0.01）。与衰老组相比，鸡胚外泌体高剂量组小鼠的胸腺指数、原站台象限停留时间占比、四肢抓力分别升高了71.12%、54.46%（P<0.05）和21.21%（P<0.01），而疲劳仪掉落次数则减少了64.89%（P<0.05）。抗氧化相关指标中，血清总抗氧化能力（Total Antioxidant Capacity, T-AOC）和谷胱甘肽（Glutathione, GSH）的含量分别比衰老组升高了60.41%和396.72%（P<0.01），而丙氨酸氨基转移酶（Alanine Aminotransferase, ALT）降低了27.88%（P<0.05）。病理组织分析显示，鸡胚外泌体低、高剂量组均可有效缓解由D-gal致衰引起的小鼠肝肾损伤。综上，鸡胚外泌体可显著促进造血、改善衰老鼠的脑功能和肌肉力量，减少体内炎症并提高机体抗疲劳及抗氧化能力，改善肝肾等大脏器的结构和功能，从而发挥显著的延缓衰老功能。该文为开发具有延缓衰老功能的新产品提供理论依据。

The anti-aging effects of exosomes from chicken eembryos on mice was carried out. Exosomes from chicken embryos were prepared by ultracentrifugation. The ability to promote hematopoiesis was proven by an in vitro hematopoietic colony formation assay. A model of D-galactose (D-gal) induced aging in mice was constructed, and different concentrations of exosomes from chicken embryos were administered by gavage to mice, and their physiology and behavior-related indicators, and hepatic and renal pathology, were detected. The colony formation assay showed that, compared with the blank group, the volume of burst forming unit-erythroid (BFU-E) colonies in groups with low, middle and high doses of exosomes from chicken embryos was larger, and the number of colonies significantly increased by 63.90%, 59.47% and 68.82% respectively (P<0.01). The animal experiments showed that, compared with the aging model group, the thymus index, the proportion of dwell time on the original platform quadrant, and the grip power of limbs in the high-dose exosome group significantly increased by 71.12%, 54.46% (P<0.05) and 21.21% (P<0.01), respectively, and the number of drops of fatigue meter significantly decreased by 64.89% (P<0.05). In the indices related to antioxidation, the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of blood serum and glutathione (GSH) contents significantly increased, by 60.41%, 396.72% (P<0.01), respectively. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT) significantly decreased by 27.88% (P<0.05). Pathological analysis of the low and high dose groups of exosomes from chick embryos both showed effectiveness in alleviating the hepatic and renal damage caused by D-gal. In summary, exosomes from chicken embryos can significantly promote hematopoiesis, improve brain function and muscle strength in aging mice, reduce inflammation, enhance anti-fatigue and antioxidant abilities, improve the structure and function of major organs such as the liver and kidneys, and thus play a significant role in delaying aging. This article provides a theoretical basis for the development of new products aimed at delaying aging.

山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程项目（2022TSGC2001）