褐藻多糖的提取及生物活性研究进展

Research Progress on the Extraction and Biological Activities of Polysaccharides from Brown Algae

摘要:

海洋来源的天然产物种类丰富，生物活性优良，在寻找新型治疗药物和保健功能品上具有巨大的潜力。褐藻是我国主要养殖的一类经济藻类，也是获取天然产物的良好来源。褐藻多糖是褐藻主要活性成分之一，由于其复杂的组分和结构，使其具有多种生物活性，如抗氧化、抗炎、免疫调节、抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗病毒、抗糖尿病等。因此，褐藻多糖的提取和活性研究成为海洋生物资源开发与利用领域的热点。该文就近5年来国内外有关褐藻多糖的提取方法及主要的生物活性研究进行综述，对比了各种提取方法的优劣，论述了褐藻多糖的生物学功能及作用机理，分析了可能相关的影响因素，并对目前和未来的褐藻多糖研究进行了总结与展望，以期为促进褐藻多糖的生产和应用提供参考。

Abstract:

Various types of natural marine products have excellent biological activities, which show great potential in the search for new therapeutic drugs and functional health care products. Brown algae are an economically important algae mainly cultivated in China and are also a good source of natural products. Polysaccharide are among the main active components of brown algae. Because of their complex compositions and structures, these polysaccharides possess a variety of biological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immune regulatory, anti-tumor, antibacterial, anti-virus, and antidiabetic activities. Therefore, the extraction and biological activities of polysaccharides from brown algae have been widely examined in the field of development and utilization of marine biological resources. In this study, studies at home and abroad on the extraction methods and main biological activities of polysaccharides from brown algae in the past five years are reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of various extraction methods are compared, and the biological functions and mechanisms of polysaccharides from brown algae are discussed. Possible influencing factors are analyzed, and current research on polysaccharides from brown algae is summarized to predict future research trends. This article provides a reference for promoting the production and application of polysaccharides from brown algae.