评估浙江省内生产基地与市场环节韭菜的杀菌剂残留水平及对人体的膳食暴露风险。采集时间主要集中在2020年12月至2021年1月，2021年8月至2021年11月，连续两年对浙江省内采集的213个韭菜样品中39种杀菌剂进行残留检测分析，并对检出杀菌剂进行急性和慢性膳食暴露风险评估。残留杀菌剂共19种，总检出率为48.83%（104/213），其中腐霉利（15.02%）、多菌灵（13.15%）、啶酰菌胺（13.15%）、烯酰吗啉（11.74%）、吡唑醚菌酯（11.27%）、百菌清（10.80%）检出率较高；检出2种及2种以上杀菌剂残留的样品占总样品量的25.82%（55/213）。1个样品中的嘧霉胺残留量超过了农业农村部规定的鳞茎类蔬菜最大残留限量（3 mg/kg），超标率为0.47%，样品合格率达99.53%。该实验韭菜中腐霉利按现有标准GB 2763.1-2022（5 mg/kg）判定，则无样品超标，但依据原有标准GB 2763-2021（0.20 mg/kg），腐霉利超标率达7.04%（15/213）。急性和慢性风险范围分别为0.004%~5.546%和0.000%~9.654%，均小于1，摄入风险处在可接受水平。该结果说明浙江省内韭菜中农药多残留情况较突出，应加强农药使用管理，确保韭菜消费安全。

To evaluate the residual level of fungicides and dietary exposure risk of Chinese chives in production bases and segments like markets in Zhejiang Province. The collection period was mainly from December 2020 to January 2021, and from August 2021 to November 2021. Thirty-nine fungicides in 213 Chinese chives samples collected in Zhejiang Province over the two consecutive years were detected and analyzed, and the risk of acute and chronic dietary exposure to the detected fungicides was assessed. There were 19 fungicides were detected, and the total detection rate was 48.83% (104 out of 213), among which the detection rates of procymidone (15.02%), carbendazim (13.15%), boscalid (13.15%), dimethomorph (11.74%), pyraclostrobin (11.27%) and chlorothalonil (10.80%) were relatively high. The samples with two or more pesticide residues accounted for 25.82% of the total samples (55 out of 213). The residue of pyrimethanil in one sample exceeded the maximum residue limit for bulb vegetables (3 mg/kg) set by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, with the overlimit rate being 0.47%, and the sample qualified rate reaching 99.53%. According to the current standard for procymidone GB 2763.1-2022 (5 mg/kg), none of the samples had the residue exceeding the standard. According to the original standard GB 2763-2021 (0.20 mg/kg), and the over-limit rate was 7.04% (15 out of 213). The acute and chronic risk ranges were 0.004%~5.546% and 0.000%~9.654%, respectively, both of which were lower than 1, thus the intake risk was at an acceptable level. The situation of pesticide residues in Chinese chivesis from Zhejiang Province was relatively serious, thus the management of the use of pesticides should be strengthened to ensure the safety of Chinese chives consumption.

浙江省韭菜质量安全风险评估（ZJSP6520200020）