桔梗多糖的制备工艺及生物活性研究进展

Research Progress on the Preparation and Biological Activity of Platycodon grandiflorum Polysaccharides

摘要:

桔梗为桔梗科多年生植物[Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.) A.DC.]的根，具有悠久的食用和药用历史，是药食同源大宗品种之一，具有重要研究价值。桔梗根鲜品在中国东北和华北地区常被腌制为咸菜，市场需求量大，其干燥根则在中医临床常用于治疗咳嗽痰多，胸闷不畅，咽痛音哑，肺痈吐脓等病症。现有研究表明，桔梗中含有丰富的功能性多糖，在免疫调节、抗炎、止咳等生物活性方面发挥着至关重要的作用，具有重要的研究和开发前景。然而，当前国内外主要针对其结构与生物活性进行研究，尚无关于桔梗多糖的系统文献综述。该文通过梳理国内外有关桔梗多糖提取、分离纯化以及生物活性等方面的研究文献，对桔梗多糖的最新研究进展进行了系统归纳和总结，为日后桔梗多糖类成分的研究和深度开发利用提供参考。

Abstract:

Platycodon grandiflorum, a perennial plant of Campanulaceae, and its root has a long history of edible and medicinal use. It is one of the large medicine-food homology species with important research values. P. grandiflorum root is often salted as pickles in Northeast and North China, which are in great market demand. The dried root is often used in the clinical treatment for symptoms such as cough, phlegm, chest tightness, sore throat, hoarseness, and pulmonary carbuncle. The existing research shows that P. grandiflorum contains abundant functional polysaccharides, which play a vital role in immunomodulation, anti-inflammation and cough relieving, thereby having important research and development prospects. However, current studies in China and abroad focused mainly on the structure and biological activity of P. grandiflorum, and there is no systematic literature review on P. grandiflorum polysaccharides. In this paper, the latest research progress of P. grandiflorum polysaccharides was systematically categorized and summarized by reviewing the domestic and overseas research literature on the extraction, isolation, purification and biological activity of P. grandiflorum polysaccharides, which provides a reference for further research and in-depth development and utilization of P. grandiflorum polysaccharides.