为探讨孜然活性物质枯茗醛对吲哚美辛胃溃疡模型大鼠的保护作用及机制，该实验设置空白组（CK）、吲哚美辛模型组（Model）、奥美拉唑阳性对照组（Positive）和枯茗醛低（CUM2）、中（CUM4）、高（CUM6）剂量组，每组6只。连续给药7 d后用吲哚美辛构建大鼠胃溃疡模型，观察大鼠胃组织形态、检测胃溃疡指数和胃蛋白酶活性、胃组织抗氧化性能等指标。结果显示，与模型组相比，随枯茗醛剂量增加，大鼠胃组织溃疡条带和出血点逐步减少，整体无水肿、糜烂，腺体排列趋于整齐，炎症细胞浸润减轻；逐步降低溃疡指数和胃蛋白酶活性（P<0.01），增加溃疡抑制率，CUM6溃疡抑制率达到最高（58.48%）；不同程度增加胃组织SOD、CAT活性和GSH、NO含量，降低MDA含量（P<0.05或P<0.01）；降低血清TNF-α、IL-1β含量及MPO活性，增加IL-10、PGE2含量。综上说明，枯茗醛可显著减少大鼠溃疡面积，降低胃蛋白酶活性，提高抗氧化和抗炎活性，从而增强胃黏膜防御能力，改善胃黏膜的健康状态，降低吲哚美辛对胃组织的伤害，具有作为胃溃疡治疗药物的潜力。

The protective effect and mechanism of cuminaldehyde, the active ingredient of cumin, was investigated in the indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer rat model. To this end, a control group (CK), indomethacin model group (Model), omeprazole positive control group (Positive), as well as cuminaldehyde low (CUM2), medium (CUM4), and high (CUM6) dose groups were employed, with six mice per group. Indomethacin was continuously administered over 7 days in order to establish the gastric ulcer rat model. The morphology, gastric ulcer index, pepsin activity, and antioxidant properties of gastric tissue were evaluated. Higher cuminaldehyde doses decreased the number of stripe-like ulcers and bleeding spots in gastric tissue. Further, edema and erosion were alleviated, the arrangement of glands tended to be orderly, and inflammatory cell infiltration was suppressed. The ulcer index and pepsin activity gradually decreased in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.01), whereas the ulcer inhibition rate increased. The highest ulcer inhibition rate was observed in the CUM6 group (58.48%). SOD and CAT activity as well as the GSH and NO content in gastric tissue increased to varying degrees, whereas MDA levels decreased under cuminaldehyde treatment (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels, as well as MPO activity decreased, whereas IL-10 and PGE2 levels increased. In conclusion, cuminaldehyde could significantly reduce the size of ulcers and suppress pepsin activity while improving antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, thereby protecting gastric tissue against indomethacin. These findings highlight the potential of cuminaldehyde as a treatment for gastric ulcers.

国家自然科学基金项目（31860077）