植物乳杆菌ZDY2013是一株能代谢复杂碳水化合物并维持胃肠道稳态的乳酸菌，为提高菌株到达肠道的存活率，制备了肠道靶向释放植物乳杆菌的微胶囊。以植物乳杆菌ZDY2013及低聚木糖为芯材，海藻酸钠及乳清蛋白为壁材制备微胶囊；采用响应面分析法优化微胶囊的制备工艺，并对优化后的微胶囊耐受极端环境的能力及在胃肠道释放的水平进行评价；同时，考察肠溶性微胶囊的贮藏稳定性。结果表明，制备微胶囊的最佳工艺条件是海藻酸钠、乳清蛋白、氯化钙的质量分数分别为2.0%、4.0%、2.0%，微胶囊包埋率为96.67%，存活率达到95.82%；微胶囊化后，植物乳杆菌在pH值1.50和0.45%胆盐条件下孵育5 h的存活率相比对照组分别提高了25.58%和7.11%，且65 ℃条件下热水浴10 min后仍有67.63%的存活率；微胶囊在胃液中释放率只有0.90%，但在结肠液中释放率达81.90%，能靶向肠道释放；此外，该微胶囊在-20 ℃条件下贮藏60 d后，活菌数维持在1010 CFU/g以上。综上，肠溶性植物乳杆菌微胶囊具有良好的环境耐受性及肠道靶向释放特点，为植物乳杆菌ZDY2013协同低聚木糖在特定环境中的功能开发奠定基础。

Lactobacillus plantarum ZDY2013 is a strain of lactic acid bacteria that can metabolize complex carbohydrates and help maintain gastrointestinal homeostasis. To improve the survival rate of L. plantarum ZDY2013 in the digestive tract and allow intestine-targeted release, microcapsules were prepared using L. plantarum ZDY2013 and xylo-oligosaccharides as core materials and sodium alginate and whey protein as wall materials. The preparation parameters were optimized using response surface methodology, and the optimized microcapsules were assessed in terms of their ability to withstand extreme environments and gastrointestinal release. The storage stability of the enteric-soluble microcapsules was also evaluated, with result indicating that the optimal microcapsule is prepared using sodium alginate, whey protein, and a calcium chloride mass fractions of 2.0%, 4.0%, and 2.0%, respectively, which results in a microencapsulation rate of 96.67% and survival rate of 95.82%. Microencapsulation improved the survival rate of L. plantarum ZDY2013 by 25.58% and 7.11% in pH 1.5 and 0.45% bile salt conditions (under five hours incubation), respectively. Furthermore, the survival rate of microencapsulated L. plantarum ZDY2013 was 67.63% after 10 minutes in a 65 ℃ hot water bath. The obtained rate of release for the microcapsule was only 0.90% in gastric juice; however, it was 81.90% in colonic fluid, which allows targeted delivery to the intestines. Furthermore, after the microcapsules were stored at -20 ℃ for 60 days, the viable counts of L. plantarum remained above 1010 CFU/g. In summary, the developed enteric-soluble L. plantarum microcapsules have excellent environmental tolerance and can facilitate intestine-targeted release, providing a solid foundation for the functional development of L. plantarum ZDY2013 and xylo-oligosaccharides in specific environments.

国家自然科学基金青年项目（32101915）；江西省自然科学基金青年项目（20212BAB215033）；江西省研究生创新专项基金（YC2021-S115）