为探究不同地区羊肉的代谢物差异，采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱技术，结合多元统计分析法和通路分析对青海茶卡、青海玉树、青海祁连、四川、内蒙古和宁夏共6个地区的特色羊肉进行非靶向代谢组学研究。结果显示，从青海3个地区羊肉中筛选出176个差异显著代谢物（VIP≥1，P<0.05），主要包括氨基酸及其代谢物、苯和取代衍生物、有机酸及其衍生物、杂环化合物、核苷酸及其代谢物等，共注释到88条代谢通路，主要为组氨酸代谢、新陈代谢通路、D-谷氨酰胺和D-谷氨酸代谢通路、辅因子的生物合成和氨基酸的生物合成通路；从青海省内3地区和省外3地区当地特色羊肉中筛选出50种差异显著代谢物（VIP≥1，P<0.05，FC≥2或FC≤0.5），主要包括氨基酸及其代谢物、甘油磷脂、脂肪酸、醇和胺类、苯和取代衍生物等，共注释到24条代谢通路，主要为新陈代谢通路、嘌呤代谢、酪氨酸代谢、铁死亡和花生四烯酸代谢通路。非靶向代谢组学可从整体水平上揭示不同地区羊肉的代谢差异，为不同地区特色羊肉的鉴别和品质评价提供方向。

To reveal the metabolite differences in mutton samples from different regions, specialty muttons from the Chaka, Yushu, and Qilian counties of Qinghai province, Sichuan, Inner Mongolia, and Ningxia were subjected to untargeted metabolomics analysis, using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS), multivariate statistical analysis, and pathway analysis. Using the VIP≥1 and P<0.05 criteria, 176 differential metabolites, including amino acids, amino acid metabolites, benzene, substituted benzene derivatives, organic acids, organic acid derivatives, heterocyclic compounds, nucleotides, and nucleotide metabolites, were identified in muttons from Chaka, Yushu, and Qilian. Furthermore, 88 metabolic pathways, including the histidine metabolism, metabolic, D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolic, and cofactor and amino acid biosynthesis pathways, were annotated. Using the VIP≥1, P<0.05, and FC≥2 or FC≤0.5 criteria, 50 differential metabolites, including amino acids, amino acid metabolites, glycerophospholipids, fatty acids, alcohols, amines, benzene, and substituted benzene derivatives, were identified in specialty muttons from the six regions. In all, 24 metabolic pathways, including metabolic, purine metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, ferroptosis, and arachidonic acid metabolism pathways, were annotated. Therefore, broad metabolite differences between mutton from different regions can be revealed using untargeted metabolomics analysis. The findings of this study have paved a path for the identification of specialty muttons from different regions and the assessment of their quality.

青海省优势特色产业集群项目（2022-09）