美藤果粕可溶性膳食纤维提取工艺优化及其酸奶的制备

Optimization of the Soluble Dietary Fiber Extraction Process and Preparation of Yogurt from Sacha Inchi

摘要:

为了增加美藤果粕的利用新途径，通过单因素和正交试验确定美藤果粕可溶性膳食纤维（SISDF）的最佳提取工艺，并通过测定持水力、持油力、膨胀力、溶解度等来评价美藤果粕膳食纤维及其酸奶的理化性质。实验结果表明：酸浓度为2%、反应时间为2.5 h、温度为80 ℃和料液比为1:20为最佳工艺参数的条件，得率为24.13%。美藤果粕膳食纤维的持水力为1.364 g/g、持油力为8.266 g/g、膨胀力为20.076 mL/g，30 ℃~90 ℃时溶解度在46.79%~84.26%之间；SISDF全脂酸奶的持水力比全脂酸奶持水力高12.44%，SISDF脱脂酸奶的持水力是脱脂酸奶持水力的3.32倍；SISDF全脂酸奶和全脂酸奶组对比，稠度、粘度和硬度分别提高了73.53%、3.20%和45.84%；SISDF脱脂酸奶和脱脂酸奶组相比，稠度、粘度和硬度分别提高了171.43%、58.59%和28.06%。以上结果为美藤果粕的利用提供了新的思考与发展方向，有望解决美藤果粕造成的资源浪费和环境污染问题。

Abstract:

To increase the utilization of sacha inchi, the best extraction process of sacha inchi soluble dietary fiber (SISDF) was determined through single-factor and orthogonal experiments. Furthermore, the physicochemical properties of SISDF and its yogurt were evaluated by measuring indicators such as water-holding capacity, oil-holding capacity, swelling capacity, and solubility. The results showed a 24.13% yield with the following optimal process parameters: 2% acid concentration, 2.5 h reaction time, 80 ℃ temperature, and 1:20 material to liquid ratio. The water-holding capacity, oil-holding capacity, and swelling capacity of SISDF were 1.364 g/g, 8.266 g/g, and 20.076 mL/g, respectively, whereas the solubility ranged from 46.79% to 84.26% at 30 ℃~90 ℃. The water-holding capacity of SISDF full-fat yogurt was 12.44% higher than that of regular full-fat yogurt. The water-holding capacity of SISDF skimmed yogurt was 3.32 times higher than that of regular skimmed yogurt. Compared to regular full-fat yogurt, the consistency, viscosity, and hardness of SISDF full-fat yogurt increased by 73.53%, 3.20%, and 45.84%, respectively. Furthermore, compared to regular skimmed yogurt, the consistency, viscosity, and hardness of SISDF skimmed yogurt increased by 171.43%, 58.59%, and 28.06% respectively. These results provide insights into the utilization of sacha inchi, and are expected to solve the problems of resource wastage and environmental pollution associated with it.