基于主成分及聚类分析的不同产地芦笋品质综合评价

Comprehensive Quality Evaluation of Asparagus from Different Production Areas by Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis

摘要:

该研究选取了不同产地（山东菏泽S1、河南许昌S2、云南弥勒S3、贵州贵阳S4及江西吉安S5）芦笋对其基本营养及功能性成分进行测定，利用相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析等方法，对芦笋品质进行综合评价。结果表明：32项指标简化为4个主成分，累积方差贡献率为100%，结合相关性分析，从32项品质指标中筛选出13项核心品质指标，即确定钾、木质素、总酚酸、锌、水仙苷、烟花苷、果胶、总皂苷、咖啡酸、可溶性蛋白、叶绿素、根皮苷和山奈酚。聚类分析结果显示五个产地芦笋可划分为3类，各产地综合品质优劣排名依次为S1、S2、S5、S4、S3，其中排序较相近的产地被聚为一类，表明两种分析方法得出的结果较为一致。该研究为不同产地芦笋品质评价和核心品质指标的确定提供了理论依据。

Abstract:

The basic nutritional and functional components of asparagus from selected production areas were determined in this study. The locations included: Heze, Shandong (S1); Xuchang, Henan (S2); Mile, Yunnan (S3); Guiyang, Guizhou (S4); and Ji’an, Jiangxi (S5). A comprehensive evaluation was conducted for asparagus quality using correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis. The results showed that the 32 quality indicators were simplified into four principal components, and that the cumulative variance contribution rate was 100%. In conjunction with correlation analysis, 13 quality indicators were selected from the 32 indicators, namely potassium, lignin, total phenolic acid, zinc, narcissin, nicotiflorin, pectin, total saponins, caffeic acid, soluble protein, chlorophyll, phlorizin and kaempferol. Cluster analysis results showed that the five asparagus production areas could be divided into three categories, with overall quality ranked from best to worst as S1, S2, S5, S4, and S3. The production areas with similar rankings were placed in the same category, indicating that the results obtained by the two analysis methods were relatively consistent. This study provides a theoretical basis for the quality evaluation of asparagus from different production areas as well as the selection of core quality indicators.