不同茶树品种工夫红茶挥发性成分及其关键香气成分分析

Analysis of Volatile Components and Key Aroma Components in Congou Black Tea of Different Tea Varieties

摘要:

为了探究不同茶树品种工夫红茶的挥发性组分特征及其关键呈香物质，本研究采用自动热脱附-气相色谱-质谱联用仪（automatic thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry，ATD-GC-MS）结合相对气味活度值（relative odor activity value，ROAV）对不同茶树品种工夫红茶的挥发性成分进行分析。结果表明，从5个品种工夫红茶中共鉴定出96种挥发性化合物，共有挥发性物质的种类18种，组分包括醇类、醛类、酮类、烯类、酯类、酸类、烷烃类和其他类化合物。5个品种工夫红茶主要呈现花香、果香和甜香，其中癸醛、芳樟醇、苯甲醇、香叶醇、正己醛和异戊醛6种香气成分为共同的主要赋香物质。5个品种工夫红茶的挥发性组分及相对含量差异明显，其中，金牡丹含有较高的酯类和酮类化合物；金观音含有较高的醇类和醛类化合物；紫玫瑰含有较高的醇类和酮类化合物；梅占含有丰富的醇类化合物；福云6号含有较高的醇类和酮类化合物。此外，本研究结合ROAV值从5个品种工夫红茶中共筛选出7~15种对香气品质特征具有重要贡献的香气成分（ROAV≥1.00）。

Abstract:

In order to explore the characteristics of volatile components and key aroma components of Congou black tea of different tea varieties, this study used automatic thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (ATD-GC-MS) combined with relative odor activity value (ROAV) to identify and analyze the volatile components of Congou black tea of different tea varieties. The results showed that 96 kinds of volatile components were identified from 5 varieties of Congou black tea, including 18 kinds of common volatile substances, including alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, alkenes, esters, acids, alkanes and other aroma components. The 5 varieties of Congou black tea mainly presented floral, fruity and sweet aromas, of which six aroma components, decanal, linalool, benzyl alcohol, geraniol, hexanal and isovaleraldehyde were the common main aroma substances. The volatile components and relative contents of 5 varieties of Congou black tea were significantly different. Among them, Jinmudan contained higher esters and ketones; Jinguanyin contains higher alcohols and aldehydes; Zimeigui contains higher alcohols and ketones; Meizhan contains rich alcohols; Fuyun 6 contains higher alcohols and ketones. In addition, this study combined ROAV value to screen out 7~15 aroma components (ROAV ≥ 1.00) that have important contributions to aroma quality characteristics from 5 varieties of Congou black tea.