该研究在比较酸酯化和碱酯化预处理方法基础上，采用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）技术，对湖南、广东、江西、云南、广西、海南6个地区油茶籽油的脂肪酸种类、相对含量和比例进行了分析。结果显示，除油酸、芥酸、二十三碳酸和二十四碳烯酸外，酸酯化和碱酯化法处理后检测出的其他脂肪酸之间均存在显著差异（p<0.05），且酸酯化法更适合茶油脂肪酸检测。茶油中肉豆蔻酸、十七酸、亚麻酸、花生酸、芥酸和二十四碳烯酸的最高含量均来自于湖南茶油样品，分别为0.10%、0.11%、0.20%、0.09%、0.17%和0.07%；棕榈烯酸含量最高的是广东茶油样品，为0.12%；棕榈酸含量最高的是广西茶油样品，为12.97%；亚油酸含量最高的样品产自江西，达15.58%；硬脂酸和油酸含量最高的样品均源自于海南，分别为3.74%和73.70%。油茶籽油在不同的产地其营养特性各不相同，广东和江西茶油的多不饱和脂肪酸含量最高，分别为15.33%和15.67%；云南茶油脂肪酸总不饱和程度最高，达85.74%；湖南和海南茶油稳定性较好，易于保存。该研究为了解我国油茶各主产区的茶油营养价值差异提供理论依据和参考信息。

Based on the comparison of acid esterification and alkali esterification pretreatments, the main kinds, relative contents and proportions of fatty acids of Camellia oleifera seeds oil from Hunan, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Yunnan, Guangxi and Hainan were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that except for oleic acid, pentadecanoic acid, erucic acid, tricosanoic acid and tetracosenoic acid, there were significant differences in other fatty acids compared by esterification and alkali esterification pretreatments (p<0.05). And the acid esterification method was more suitable for the detection of fatty acids in Camellia oil. The highest contents of myristic acid, heptadecanoic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, erucic acid and tetracosenoic acid in Camellia oil were from Hunan, which were 0.10%, 0.11%, 0.20%, 0.09%, 0.17%, and 0.07%, respectively. The highest content of palmitoleic acid was from Guangdong, which was 0.12%. The highest content of palmitic acid was from Guangxi, which was 12.97%. The highest content of linoleic acid was from Jiangxi, which was 15.58%. The highest contents of stearic acid and oleic acid were both from Hainan, which were 3.74% and 73.70%, respectively. Camellia oleifera seeds oil has different nutritional characteristics in different producing areas. Camellia oils from Guangdong and Jiangxi had the highest polyunsaturated fatty acid contents, which were 15.33 % and 15.67 %, respectively; Camellia oils from Yunnan had the 85.74% total unsaturated fatty acids. Camellia oils from Hunan and Hainan were stable and easy to preserve. This study provides theoretical basis and reference information for understanding the nutritional value difference of Camellia oleifera in the main producing areas of China.

广东省林业科技创新项目（2018KJCX036）；科技部科技基础资源调查专项（2019FY100801-01）