为更加全面地对阿胶质量进行控制，建立了一种基于气相色谱法探究驴皮真伪快速鉴别的方法。动物皮脂经过提取并进行甲酯化处理，初步构建了驴皮、羊皮、牛皮中总脂肪酸成分的指纹图谱，并经归一化法对驴、羊、牛皮中肉豆蔻酸、棕榈油酸的相对含量进行了测定，经内标法（以十七烷酸甲酯为内标）对驴、羊、牛皮中肉豆蔻酸、棕榈油酸进行了定量分析。结果表明，肉豆蔻酸、棕榈油酸在驴、羊、牛皮中具有较高的差异性。羊皮中肉豆蔻酸的相对含量（8.94%）约为驴皮（2.98%）和牛皮（3.03%）的3倍，而驴皮、牛皮皮脂中棕榈油酸的相对含量（9.98%、13.46%）约为羊皮（2.78%）的3.6倍和4.8倍。同样，肉豆蔻酸、棕榈油酸在驴皮（2.98%、9.98%）、羊皮（8.94%、2.78%）和牛皮（3.03%、13.46%）中的绝对含量具有较高的差异性。综上所述，通过建立驴皮中肉豆蔻酸、棕榈油酸含量测定可以为驴皮的真伪快速鉴别提供一种新的思路。

In order to achieve more comprehensive control of the quality of E-jiao, a rapid method based on gas chromatography for identifying authentic donkey skin was established. After the animal sebum was extracted and methylated, fingerprints of total fatty acids in donkey skin, sheep skin, and cow skin were preliminarily established. The relative contents of myristic acid and palmitoleic acid in donkey, sheep and cow hides were determined by normalization method, and quantitative analysis of myristic acid and palmitoleic acid in donkey, sheep and cow hides was carried out by the internal standard method (using methyl heptadecanoate as the internal standard). The results showed high differences in myristic acid and palmitoleic acid among donkey, sheep and cow hides. The relative content of myristic acid in sheep skin (8.94%) was about 3 times that of donkey skin (2.98%) and cow skin (3.03%). The relative content of palmitoleic acid in donkey skin and cow skin (9.98% and 13.46%) was about 3.6 times and 4.8 times, respectively, that of sheep skin (2.78%). Similarly, high differences were detected in the absolute contents of myritic acid and palmitoleic acid in donkey skin (2.98%, 9.98%), sheep hide (8.94%, 2.78%) and cow hide (3.03%, 13.46%). In summary, the establishment of the determination of the myristic acid and palmitoleic acid contents in donkey skin would provide a new idea for the rapid identification of authentic donkey skin.

山东省现代农业产业技术体系驴产业创新团队项目（SDAIT-27）；山东省良种工程项目（2017LZGC020）；山东省驴产业科技协同创新中心资助（3193308）；聊城大学博士基金（318051636）