该研究探讨了无花果果实多糖的微波辅助提取方法。运用微波辅助浸提、乙醇沉淀、Sevage法脱蛋白等步骤提取无花果多糖，采用苯酚-硫酸法测定多糖含量。通过单因素试验考察微波功率、水料比、温度和微波时间等4个因素对多糖提取率的影响，在单因素基础上采用正交设计四因素三水平试验，研究各因素对无花果多糖提取率影响，并优化无花果多糖微波辅助法的提取条件。结果得到无花果多糖的最优提取条件为微波功率600 W，水料比40 mL/g，温度70 ℃和时间40 min，该条件下多糖得率为12.17%，重复3次验证后多糖得率为12.05%。结果表明微波功率是影响多糖得率的主要因素，该研究可为无花果的深加工利用提供参考。

The microwave-assisted extraction method of Ficus carica fruit polysaccharides was studied. The Ficus carica polysaccharides were extracted by several steps, including microwave-assisted extraction, ethanol precipitation, Sevage deproteinization. Then polysaccharides content was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method. The single factor experiments were used to investigate the influence of four factors, including microwave power, water-to-material ratio, temperature and microwave time on the yield of polysaccharides. On this basis, the orthogonal design of four factors and three levels of experiments were to study the influence of each factor on the extraction rate of Ficus carica polysaccharides, and the extraction conditions of Ficus carica polysaccharides were optimized by microwave-assisted method. The optimal extraction conditions were microwave power 600 W, water-to-material ratio 40 mL/g, temperature 70 ℃, and microwave time 40 min. The yield of polysaccharide was 12.17%, and it was 12.05% after repeated verification for 3 times. The results showed that microwave power was the main factor affecting the yield of polysaccharide. This study can provide a reference for further processing and utilization of Ficus carica.

新疆自治区创新环境建设专项（2020D01A02）；重庆市人力资源和社会保障局技能专家工作室项目（渝人社发[2012]236号）；重庆市大学生创新创业训练计划（201914315011）