为了解我国四大产地香菇中营养成分的差异，以我国四大产地（湖北十堰、湖北随州、浙江丽水、河南西峡）香菇为研究对象，对香菇中的营养成分（蛋白质、多糖、脂肪、矿物质、麦角甾醇和氨基酸）含量进行了分析。结果表明：各产地香菇中粗蛋白、粗多糖、粗脂肪含量均存在一定差异，河南西峡香菇中粗蛋白含量和湖北十堰香菇中多糖含量高于其他地区香菇。河南西峡香菇的钾、钠、钙、锌含量最高，分别为21773.30、68.01、122.09和81.52 mg/kg。湖北十堰香菇中麦角甾醇含量最高为5.78 mg/g。氨基酸分析结果表明四个产地香菇必需氨基酸含量丰富，接近WHO/FAO模式蛋白，其中谷氨酸与天冬氨酸含量最高。若以香菇多糖为主要评价指标，湖北十堰产地香菇多糖含量最高；若以蛋白质和氨基酸组成比例方面比较，河南西峡产地香菇氨基酸组成比例最优。结果表明四个产地香菇营养成分全面，具有较高的营养价值，可为香菇的进一步应用和开发提供理论依据。

To examine the differences in the nutritional composition of Lentinula edodes collected from four main producing regions, including Shiyan in Hubei, Suizhou in Hubei, Lishui in Zhejiang, and Xixia in Henan, in China, the levels of nutritional components, such as proteins, polysaccharides, fats, minerals, ergosterol, and amino acids, in L. edodes were evaluated. The results revealed that the contents of crude proteins, crude polysaccharides, and crude fat in L. edodes of different origins vary. More specifically, the crude protein content in L. edodes from Xixia and the polysaccharide content in L. edodes from Shiyan are the highest. Meanwhile, the levels of potassium, sodium, alcium, and zinc in L. edodes from Xixia are the highest, corresponding to 21773.3, 68.01, 122.09, and 81.52 mg/kg, respectively. The highest ergosterol level of 5.78 mg/g was noted in L. edodes from Shiyan. Amino acid analysis results revealed that L. edodes collected from the four main producing areas possess abundant amount of essential amino acids, and they resemble the WHO/FAO protein standard. Particularly, the contents of glutamic acid and aspartic acid are the highest. Furthermore, L. edodes from Shiyan exhibited the highest polysaccharide content, while L. edodes from Xixia exhibited the optimal amino acid composition. These results suggest that L. edodes from the four regions contain various nutrients, and thus, they are of high nutritional value. These findings will enable further application and research on L. edodes.

国家重点研发计划重点专项（2018YFD0700200）