本研究以浓香型白酒副产物黄水为研究对象，研究食用酒精（95%，V/V）添加量、反应温度及南极假丝酵母展示脂肪酶B(Candida antarctica Lipase B，CALB)添加量等工艺条件对黄水酯化效果的影响，并对产物的精制工艺进行探讨。单因素实验及响应面优化结果表明，在食用酒精用量为52.5%（V/V）、CALB酶添加量5.32%（W/V）、31.5 ℃下反应48 h，增酯增香的效果最佳，乙酸乙酯、乳酸乙酯、己酸乙酯及总酯含量依次为1.81 g/L、6.09 g/L、14.49 g/L、22.39 g/L，白酒风味酯浓度提升了31.9倍；且酵母展示CALB酶重复使用10次转化率保持不变。黄水酯化反应产物蒸馏、萃取可得白酒呈香物质混合液，总酯回收率为76.56%。本研究可利用黄水生产天然等同香料及白酒调酒液等功能性酯化液，经优化后的工艺条件温和、反应周期短且酯含量提升明显，易于放大和工业化生产，对黄水资源再生利用具有重大意义。

In this study, yellow water, a by-product of Luzhou-flavor liquor, was used as the research material to investigate the influence of processing conditions including the amount of edible alcohol (95%, V/V) for addition, reaction temperature and the amount of Candida antarctica Lipase B (CALB) on the esterification of yellow water. The product refining process was also discussed. The results of single factor experiment and response surface optimization showed that the increases in ester content and aroma were the greatest under the optimum conditions (amount of edible alcohol, 52.5% (V/V); amount of CALB enzyme, 5.32% (W/V); 31.5 ℃ for 48 h), with the contents of ethyl acetate, ethyl lactate, ethyl hexanoate and total ester being 1.81 g/L, 6.09 g/L, 14.49 g/L and 22.39 g/L, respectively, and the concentration of liquor flavor increased by 31.9 times. The conversion rate of the CALB enzyme remained unchanged after it was used repeatedly (10 times). A mixture of liquor aroma-active substances were obtained after distillation and extraction of the esterification reaction product of yellow water, with the total ester recovery rate being 76.56%. This study has shown that yellow water can be used to produce functional esterification liquids such as natural equivalent flavors and liquor-blending liquid. The optimized process required mild conditions and a short reaction cycle and is industrial scalable, leading to a significantly increased ester content. This study is of great significance for the recycling of liquor yellow water resources.

中国轻工业浓香型白酒固态发酵重点实验室开放基金项目（2017JJ015）；九江酒厂校外教学实习基地（华南理工大学教务[2016]97号）