活性炭的筛选及其吸附饮用水中低量溴化物的研究

Selection of Activated Carbon and Its Adsorption on Low Amount Bromide in Drinking Water

摘要:

本文通过研究星光K02活性炭、星光K04活性炭和太西活性炭等六种活性炭对饮用水中低量溴化物的吸附效率，筛选出了吸附效果最佳的太西活性炭。同时探讨了不同的活化方式、不同的吸附时间以及饮用水中不同的pH值对TAC(太西活性炭)吸附饮用水中低量溴化物（7.50 μg/L）效率的影响。实验采用了蒸馏水浸泡和稀盐酸浸泡两种活化方式，用CO2酸化的方式将饮用水中pH值分别调至6.00、7.00和7.68三个水平，在不同的时间点取样，用离子色谱仪检测其溴化物含量。不同条件下，TAC吸附溴化物效率不同。实验结果表明，用稀盐酸浸泡作为活化方式，同时将饮用水的pH值调至6.00，在实验开始后的两个小时内TAC吸附溴化物效果最佳，能达到85.35%，此时溴化物含量为1.10 μg/L，即使在后续的臭氧灭菌阶段，溴离子全部被氧化成溴酸盐，溴酸盐的值会在5 μg/L以内，远小于GB 5749-2006和GB 8537-2018中溴酸盐的规定限值（10 μg/L），同时，TAC对饮用水中的常量元素钾钠钙镁、微量元素锶及偏硅酸等影响不大（小于10%）。因此，在实际生产中，可先将饮用水中pH值调至6.00，然后采用盐酸溶液预处理后的TAC对饮用水中低量溴离子进行去除。

Abstract:

In this paper, the adsorption efficiency of the low bromide in the drinking water based on six kinds of activated carbon, Xingguang K02 activated carbon, Xingguang K04 activated carbon and TAC (Taixi Activated Carbon) activated carbon was investigated, and TAC with the best adsorption effect was selected. The effects of different activation modes, different adsorption time and PH values in drinking water on the efficiency of low bromide (7.50 μg/L) in the drinking water adsorbed by TAC (Taixi Activated Carbon) were discussed. Two activation methods, soaked by distilled water and by diluted hydrochloric acid, were used in the experiment. The pH values of drinking water were adjusted to 6.00, 7.00 and 7.68 levels and bromide was detected at different times. The efficiencies of bromide adsorbed by TAC were different under different conditions. It was demonstrated that when the pH of drinking water was adjusted to 6.00, TAC soaking by dilute hydrochloric acid was used as the activation method, the best effect of TAC adsorption bromide was 85.35 % in two hours, and the content of bromide is 1.10 μg/L. Even in the subsequent ozone sterilization phase, the bromide was all oxidized to bromate, and the final content of bromate was within 5 μg/L, which is far less than the prescribed limit of bromate in GB 5749-2006 and GB 8537-2018(10 μg/L). At the same time,TAC has little influence on the major elements of drinking water, such as potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, trace elements strontium and metasilicic acid (less than 10%).Therefore, in actual production, the pH value in drinking water can be first adjusted to 6.00, and the low bromine ion in drinking water could be removed by TAC pretreated with hydrochloric acid solution.