微藻油脂是生产生物柴油的重要原料，同时也是生产不饱和脂肪酸的原料来源之一。本文以广州市华南理工大学校内东湖为采样点，筛选鉴定湖中存在的微藻并研究其生长和油脂积累特性，旨在筛选出水体中可能存在的富油微藻以便后续研究分析。研究共筛选出6株绿藻，18S rDNA鉴定显示6株绿藻中DH1、DH2、DH6均属于小球藻属，DH3、DH4、DH5均属于栅藻属，后分析构建了6株微藻进化发育树。通过藻细胞胞内油脂含量测定，表明DH1、DH2与DH6均能较好地积累油脂，尤其是DH2与DH6两株微藻。培养25 d发现其最大生物量(细胞数)分别达到2.14×107个/mL和2.74×107个/mL，油脂产量分别达到103.89 mg/L和131.69 mg/L，藻细胞油脂百分含量均超过30%，表明该两株微藻是潜在的较为理想的产油微藻，可作为生物柴油制备的备用藻种资源。

Microalgae oil is an important raw material for biodiesel production, and also one of the raw materials for the production of unsaturated fatty acids. In order to explore the potential of the oleaginous microalgae for future research and applications, we collected water samples from the East Lake of the South China University of Technology in Guangzhou and studied the growth and oil accumulation characteristics of microalgae. A total of six green algae were obtained. The identification of 18S rDNA suggested that microalgae DH1, DH2 and DH6 belong to the genus Chlorella, while strains DH3, DH4 and DH5 belong to the genus Scenedesmus. After analysis, the phylogenetic tree of six microalgal strains was constructed. The determination of intracellular oil content revealed that microalgae DH1、DH2 and DH6, especially DH2 and DH6 could accumulate oil very well. After 25 days of cultivation, the maximum biomass (cell number) of DH2 and DH6 reached 2.14 ×107/mL and 2.74×107/mL, respectively, and the oil yield reached 103.89 mg/L and 131.69 mg/L, respectively, as well as the total lipid contents were all both over 30%. These results suggest that microalgal strains DH2 and DH6 are potentially the ideal oleaginous microalgae which can be used for biodiesel production.

菌藻共培养促微藻利用低值生物质产油脂的机制(D2154690)；中央高校基本科研业务费(NO2015ZM171)