大葱挥发油的主要活性成份是葱辣素，本项目拟针对大葱提取物葱辣素开展抗菌和抗病毒作用系列研究。采用试管稀释法及抑菌环试验，测定葱辣素对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（MBC）；以细胞病变抑制法和中性红染色法，用Reed-muench法计算其50%细胞毒性浓度（TC50），最大无毒浓度（TC0），50%抑制浓度（IC50）和治疗指数（TI），判断其抗呼吸道合胞病毒作用。结果显示，葱辣素体外有一定的抗G+菌和G-菌作用。葱辣素对HEp-2细胞的半数中毒浓度(TC50)为6.3 μg/mL，最大无毒浓度（TC0）为3.6 μg/mL，对病毒的50%抑制浓度（IC50）为1.7 μg/mL，TI为3.71；葱辣素可呈剂量依赖性地改善呼吸道合胞病毒感染所致的细胞病变，抑制病毒增殖。这将为葱辣素的进一步开发与临床应用研究提供坚实的科学依据。

The main active ingredient of Allium ascalonicum volatile oil was the onion capsaicin, the objective of this study was to investigate the antibacterial and antiviral effect of onion capsaicin extracted from Allium ascalonicum. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of onion capsaicin on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were determined by the tube dilution method and antibacterial ring test. According to the cytopathic effect inhibition assay and neutral red staining method, the median toxicity concentration (TC50), maximum non-toxic concentration (TC0), median inhibitory concentration (IC50) and therapeutic index (TI) were calculated by Reed-muench analysis to determine its role in anti-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The results showed that onion capsaicin had some anti-gram positive bacteria and anti-gram negative bacteria effect in vitro. The TC50 and TC0 of onion capsaicin for HEp-2 cells were 6.3 μg/mL and 3.6 μg/mL, respectively. The IC50 and TI of onion capsaicin for RSV virus were 1.7 μg/mL and 3.71, respectively. Onion capsaicin could dose-dependently improve cytopathic effects caused by RSV infection and inhibit the proliferation of the virus. These results will provide a solid scientific basis for the further development and clinical application of onion capsaicin.

安徽省质量工程教学研究重点项目（2016jyxm0510）；合肥市第32届青少年科技创新大赛获奖项目