两种梭柄松苞菇富硒多糖的制备及其降血糖和抗氧化活性研究

Preparation of Se-enriched Polysaccharides from Catathelasma ventricosum by Two Approaches and Their Antioxidant and Antihyperglycemic Activities

摘要:

本研究以梭柄松苞菇为载体，亚硒酸钠为硒源，分析评价了在两种富硒培养方法（固体培养和液体培养）下，硒浓度对梭柄松苞菇的生产效率、富硒量、有机硒转化率以及单位干重中有机硒含量的影响。结果表明，在最适硒浓度条件下，固体培养时，每千克培养基可收获91.30 g子实体，富硒量达到69.8 μg/g，有机硒转化率为92.60%，有机硒含量为64.63 μg/g；而液体培养时，每升培养液可收获4.50 g的菌丝，富硒量达到199.50 μg/g，有机硒转化率为84.60%，有机硒含量为168.78 μg/g。同时分别测定了梭柄松苞菇的富硒子实体多糖（SFCs）、富硒菌丝多糖（SPCs）、未经富硒的子实体多糖（FCs）和菌丝多糖（PCs）的体外降血糖活性和抗氧化活性，结果表明SFCs和SPCs对硒元素的富集，可能是其降血糖和抗氧化活性高于FCs和PCs的重要原因，并且SPCs的降血糖和抗氧化活性均显著高于阳性对照。

Abstract:

The effects of selenium concentration on the productivity, amount of enriched selenium, conversion rate of organic selenium, and content of organic selenium per unit dry weight of Catathelasma ventricosum for two selenium enrichment methods (solid culture and liquid culture) were analyzed and evaluated. C. ventricosum was used as the carrier and sodium selenite as the selenium source. The results showed that under optimal selenium concentration conditions, 91.30 g dry fruiting body per kilogram of culture medium was obtained using the solid culture method, and the corresponding amount of enriched selenium, conversion rate of organic selenium, and content of organic selenium were 69.80 μg/g, 92.60%, and 64.63 μg/g, respectively. Using the liquid culture method, 4.50 g dry mycelia per liter of culture medium was obtained, and the amount of enriched selenium, conversion rate of organic selenium, and content of organic selenium were 199.50 μg, 84.60%, and 168.78 μg/g, respectively. Furthermore, the in vitro antioxidant and antihyperglycemic activities of fruiting body Se-polysaccharides, mycelial Se-polysaccharides, fruiting body polysaccharides, and mycelial polysaccharides were investigated. The results indicated that fruiting body Se-polysaccharides and mycelial Se-polysaccharides had higher antioxidant and antihyperglycemic activities than fruiting body polysaccharides and mycelial polysaccharides, likely because of the enrichment of selenium. In addition, selenium-polysaccharides exhibited higher antioxidant and antihyperglycemic activities than the positive control.