稳定碳同位素技术在食品掺杂和溯源检测的应用

Application of Stable Carbon Isotopes in Detection of Food Adulteration and Traceability

摘要:

稳定碳同位素技术能有效地应用在各类食品的掺杂和溯源检测中。由于光合作用对稳定碳同位素产生的分馏效应，可运用稳定碳同位素比值分析法（Stable Carbon Isotope Ratio Analysis, SCIRA）检测不同光合途径的食品掺杂；同时，气候和地理因素也对稳定碳同位素分馏有一定影响，可单独或者联合其他因素作为溯源检测指标；各种分解反应也导致同一分子内稳定碳同位素产生了一定的分馏规律，运用特异性天然同位素分馏核磁共振（Specific Natural isotope Fractionation Of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, SNIF-NMR）可进行检测；此外，稳定碳同位素还可在同位素稀释质谱法（IDMS, Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry）中作为标记去检测食品中的兽药残留。本文综述了稳定碳同位素技术在各类食品掺杂和溯源检测中的研究进展，并对其应用前景进行展望，旨在推动稳定碳同位素技术在我国的应用步伐，并完善我国现有的食品检测技术。

Abstract:

Due to the fractionation of stable carbon isotopes in plant photosynthesis, stable carbon isotope ratio analysis (SCIRA) can be used to detect food adulteration during different photosynthetic pathways. Meanwhile, climatic or geographic factors also affect stable carbon isotope fractionation, and can therefore be explored as individual traceability indicators or in combination with other factors. Fractionation patterns of stable carbon isotopes within the same molecule can be produced via different decomposition reactions, which can be measured using specific natural isotope fractionation of nuclear magnetic resonance (SNIF-NMR). In addition, stable carbon isotopes can be used as a marker to determine the veterinary drug residues by isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS). Thus, stable carbon isotope technique can be effectively used in the detection of food adulteration and food traceability. Here, current status of research regarding stable carbon isotopes in the detection of food adulteration and traceability was reviewed, highlighting potential applications of this technique to help improve the current food detection techniques in China.