甾醇阿魏酸酯的功能、制备及检测方法研究进展

Bioactivity, Synthesis, Extraction and Analysis of Sterol Ferulate: A Review

摘要:

甾醇阿魏酸酯是甾醇C3位上的羟基与阿魏酸结合脱水形成的结合态植物甾醇衍生物，可分为环木菠萝烯醇阿魏酸酯、β-谷甾醇阿魏酸酯、豆甾醇阿魏酸酯、菜油甾醇阿魏酸酯、二氢谷甾醇阿魏酸酯等，是甾醇酚酸酯主要的天然存在形式，广泛存在于水稻、玉米、大豆、小麦等粮油产品中。由于甾醇阿魏酸酯兼具植物甾醇和阿魏酸的结构，研究表明其比游离甾醇和阿魏酸具有更显著和更综合的生物功效。本文概述了甾醇阿魏酸酯的分布、结构和理化性质，综述了其降低血清胆固醇水平、抗氧化、抗炎症、抗肿瘤等生物活性和植物萃取法、化学合成法、生物合成法、分离纯化等制备方法，比较分析了其高效液相色谱、气相色谱、薄层色谱等分析检测方法的优劣，并从制备方法、分析技术、功效评价及其机理研究等方面对甾醇阿魏酸酯研究开发前景进行了分析和展望，为甾醇阿魏酸酯进一步研究开发利用指明方向。

Abstract:

Sterol ferulate is a kind of plant sterol derivatives, including cycloartenyl ferulate, β- sitosteryl ferulate, stigmasteryl ferulate, campesteryl ferulate and dihydrogen sitosteryl ferulate etc., which is of phytocholesterol derivatives by dehydration reaction ofby ferulic acid and the hydroxyl group at C3 site of sterol. Sterol ferulate is the main existence of natural sterol mofetil, which widely exists in rice bran, corn, soybean, wheat and other grains. Some researchers have confirmed that it owns better biological activities than phytosterol and ferulic acid due to its structure of both phytosterol and ferulic acid. The review was briefly introduced its distribution, structure, physical and chemical properties, and biological activities in terms of cholesterol-lowering, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and immuno-enhancement. Furthermore, the preparation methods of extracting from plants, chemical and biological synthesis were summerized, and the advantages and disadvantages about the detecting techniques by HPLC, GC and TLC were discussed. The advances and trends of sterol ferulate on preparation methods, detecting techniques, biological activities and mechanisms of action were proposed.