T-2毒素对不同生长期对虾的急性毒性及其分析方法的比较研究

Acute Toxicity of T-2 Toxin in Shrimp at Different Growth Stages and Comparison of Corresponding Analytical Methods

摘要:

比较T-2毒素对不同生长期凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）的急性毒性及其分析方法，明确对虾作为T-2 毒素毒性评价的生物标记物的最佳时期，建立T-2毒素对对虾的急性毒性互补评价方法。通过对不同生长期凡纳滨对虾的急性毒性试验，采用寇氏法和概率单位法，计算得到T-2毒素对不同生长期凡纳滨对虾的LD50，并通过u检验对两种方法求得的LD50值进行分析比较。结果得到T-2毒素对虾卵、幼虾和成虾的LD50值分别为2.33、1.79和3.34 mg/kg?bw，且经检验两种方法求得的LD50并无显著性差异。研究表明，T-2毒素对成虾的毒害作用最小急性毒性最弱，对幼虾的毒害作用最大急性毒性最强，即该生长期的凡纳滨对虾更适宜做评价T-2毒素急性毒性的生物标志物，同时采用寇氏法和概率单位法相结合的方法得到的LD50值更具准确。

Abstract:

The acute toxicity of T-2 toxin on Litopenaeus vannamei at different growth periods and corresponding analytical methods were compared. Additionally, the optimal period to use shrimps as a biomarker for evaluation of the toxicity of T-2 toxin was determined, and a complementary method for evaluation of the acute toxicity of T-2 toxin on shrimps was established. Acute toxicity tests were performed on L. vannamei at different growth stages. The Spearman-Karber and probability unit methods were used to calculate the lethal dose 50% (LD50) values for T-2 toxin in L. vannamei at different growth stages. The obtained LD50 values were compared by u-tests. The LD50 values for T-2 toxin in shrimp eggs, juvenile shrimps, and adult shrimps were 2.33, 1.79, and 3.34 mg/kg of body weight, respectively, and no significant differences were observed between the LD50 values obtained using the two methods. These findings suggested that T-2 toxin exhibited the lowest toxic effect on adult shrimps and the highest toxic effect on juvenile shrimps. Thus, juvenile L. vannamei were more suitable for biomarker analysis when evaluating the acute toxicity of T-2 toxin, and a relatively accurate LD50 value could be obtained using a method combining the Spearman-Karber method and the probability unit method.