Volume 29,Issue 3,2013 Table of Contents

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  • 1  A Study on the Storage Quality of High Gluten Wheat
    WANG Ruo-lan XIA Chen-feng
    2013, 29(3):455-458.
    [Abstract](1200) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    In this experiment, viability of high-gluten wheat was adjusted to 0%, 40% and 90% by microwave and was stored in the environment at 35 ℃. This paper discussed the discipline of wheat deterioration and wet gluten content through exploring the changes of germination rate, conductivity, catalase activity, wet gluten content and pasting properties. The results showed that, during storage, higher viability resulted in large decrease in germination rate, wet gluten content and catalase activity. But the conductivity was opposite. The wheat with 40% viability showed the largest changes in the peak viscosity, setback and final viscosity of Chestnut starch decreased, while little change in breakdown was found.
    2  Effect of Kaempferol and Quercetin on Blood Sugar and Fat Contents of Diabetic Model Mice
    ZHANG Jia-rui
    2013, 29(3):459-462.
    [Abstract](950) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    The Anti-hypoglycemic effect of kaempferol and quercetin on diabetic model mice were studied. Two groups of diabetic model mice induced by alloxan were fed respectively with 2 doses of kaempferol and quercetin for 18 d. A group of non-model mice and a group of model mice fed with the same volume water were taken as the controls, and a group of model mice fed with Xiao ke wan (a Chinese medicine for diabete) was taken as the positive control. Then levels of serum glucose, TG, TC, MDA, and SOD and GSH-Px activities were investigated. The results showed that by kaempferol and quercetin, levels of serum glucose, TG, TC and MDA were significantly reduced, and SOD and GSH-Px activities were apparently enhanced. Among 2 doses of kaempferol and quercetin, 10 mg/kg bw?d was the modest one.
    3  Photodynamic Sterilization of Staphylococcus Aureus in Liquid Food by Na-Chlorophyllin
    WANG Xiao-qing LIU Zhong-yi YU Yuan-shan XU Yu-juan WU Ji-jun WANG Wei-li TANG Dao-bang
    2013, 29(3):463-466.
    [Abstract](1083) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    The Na-Chlorophyllin photodynamic sterilization of Staphylococcus aureus in liquid food was investigated in this study. Results found Na-Chlorophyllin showed a photodynamic inactivation against Staphylococcus aureus in several liquid foods, and the optimum concentration of Na-Chlorophyllin was 10-5 mol/L for photodynamic inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus aureus reduced about 4.5 log in 10 min. The inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus in liquid food was significantly increased with the extension of illumination, especially in the initial 10 min. Moreover, food packing materials with good light transmission had no effect on photodynamic inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus, but the pH of liquid food can affect the photodynamic inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, photodynamic inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus in clear liquid foods was greater as compared with cloudy liquid food.
    4  Study on the Changes of Urea Content during the Yeast Fermeantion for Yellow Rice Wine Production
    YANG Jian-gang MA Ying-ying PAN Xun-hai ZHOU Jian WANG Wen-qing LIN Yan
    2013, 29(3):467-471.
    [Abstract](1031) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Urea content was detected with two acetyl monoxime colorimetric method in this paper. The results showed that a large number of urea was extracellular secreted by rice wine yeast during the growth. In the stable phase (cultured for 51 hours), extracellular urea concentration was up 38.642 mg/L and intracellular urea concentration (cultured for 27 hours) was 6.043 mg/L. Extracellular urea secretion of yellow rice wine yeast in the medium with initial pH 3, or 4, was relatively less than that in the medium with initial the pH 5. The urea secretion levels were decreased when Huangjiu yeast were cultured in the medium with 12% of alcohol, being lower than that with 4% or 8% of alcohol. Extracellular urea secretion levels were increased when the culture temperature increased from 28 ℃ to 32 ℃. The enzyme preparations instead of wheat koji fermentation experiment showed that the level of urea content in the fermentation increased with the fermentation process.
    5  Effect of Hydrothermal Phosphorylation on the Emulsifying Property of SPC
    HU Lei YANG Xiao-quan YIN Shou-wei GUO Jian WANG Jin-mei
    2013, 29(3):472-475.
    [Abstract](1015) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Soybean protein concentrate (SPC) was hydrothermal phosphorylated to various addition of sodium tripolyphosphate (STTP), the phosphorus content and emulsifying property of the phosphorylated SPC were investigated. Different phosphorus degree of phosphorylated SPC (0.1%~3% P-HSPC) was prepared by adding 0.1%~3% of STTP through the hydrothermal treatment. Creaming index, particle size distribution of pre- modification and post-modification SPC are also investigated.The results indicated that the phosphorus content of SPC was 0.226%, 0.253%, and 0.28%, in corresponding to the addition of STTP of 0.3%, 0.5%, and 0.7%, respectively. Their phosphorus degree were higher than other phosphorylated protein obtained from other STTP concentration. And the emulsifying property of SPC with hydrothermal phosphorylation had significantly improved.
    6  Structural Characteristics and Gelatinization Properties of Starch from Ginkgo biloba L. Cultivars
    MA Ya-jun JIANG Huan MIAO Ming JIANG Bo
    2013, 29(3):476-478.
    [Abstract](1121) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    In this paper, the crystal structure, thermodynamic properties, structure character, and paste properties of starch from Fozhi Ginkgo biloba L. cultivars were investigated by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, infrared spectrum and other modern analytical methods. The starch was attributed to C-type crystal structure and owned α - D-pyranose ring structure with hydroxyl group of primary alcohol and secondary alcohol. The gelatinization temperature was higher than 80 ℃.
    7  Cadmium Resistance of Food-borne Listeria monocytogenes and the Relationships between Cadmium Resistance and Antibiotic Resistance
    HE Jian-hua XU Dong-yang LIU Xing-yu SHI Lei YAN He
    2013, 29(3):479-482.
    [Abstract](870) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    To determine the prevalence of cadmium resistance among food-borne Listeria monocytogenes isolates of different serotypes and to know whether there are possible associations between cadmium resistance and antibiotic resistance of these isolates, all isolates were tested for their resistance to cadmium by agar dilution method. Results showed that, among 73 isolates, 36 cadmium-resistant strains were detected, the overall resistance ratio was 49.3%(36/73). Besides, the 5 multidrug resistant strains isolated in this study were all resistant to cadmium, indicating that in case of the involvement of Listeria monocytogenes with both cadmium and multidrug resistance in human disease, through food chains or environmental factors, the human health should be seriously threatened.
    8  Development and Validation of Predictive Models of Brochothrix thermosphacta Isolated from Chilling Ground Pork
    LIU Chao-qun HOU Wen-fu WANG Hong-xun
    2013, 29(3):483-486.
    [Abstract](1404) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    The counts of Brochothrix thermosphacta in chilled ground pork at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 ℃ were analyzed. Growth models of Brochothrix thermosphacta at different temperatures were developed by SAS 9.1 software. The deviation, accurate factors and R-square of model were close 1, indicated that the growth dynamics of Brochothrix themosphacta at different temperature could be well described by a Gompertz type model. The model of relationship between temperature and maximum specific growth rate, lag phase were built respectively using Belehradek model, with the value of p less than 0.01. Results showed that the growth dynamics of Brochothrix themosphacta at 0-20 ℃ could be well predicted by model.
    9  Effects of Coenzyme-Q10/Lycopene Single or Combination on Exercise Capacity of Rats
    LIU Hui-yan HOU Li
    2013, 29(3):487-489.
    [Abstract](1495) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    This paper studied the effect of coenzyme Q10/lycopene alone or their combination on the exercise performance of induced fatigue rats. 48 rats were randomized into 4 groups. After 4 weeks of consecutive administration with the materials tested by gastric perfusion method, exhaustive swimming time was tested. After 24 hours rest, the SOD, MDA of liver/muscle tissues and the enzyme activity of CK/LDH in blood of each group were analyzed. Result showed that, compared with control group, coenzyme Q10/lycopene alone(P<0.05) or their combination(P<0.01) can prolong exhaustive swimming time. A significant decrease of MDA content in liver and muscle tissue was observed in mice administered combination group (P<0.05), and MDA reduction in liver of Q10 alone group was also observed (P<0.05). SOD activity in liver tissues revealed an obvious increase in mice with combined administration (P<0.01) and Q10 group (P<0.05) . The activity of LDH in blood exhibited a significant amelioration in mice with Q10 single(P<0.05) or combined administration (P<0.01). The CK in blood also got better result in mice with individual administration of Q10 (P<0.01) or lycopene (P<0.05), or combined administration(P<0.01). The result showed that individual administration of coenzyme-Q10 and lycopene can enhance the endurance of rats and improve the anti-oxidation capability. A synergistic effect among them is also achieved.
    10  Effects of Apple Polyphenols on Weight Control of Rats
    LI Jian-xin SUN Yu-qing YUE Fu-xing ZHANG Xiao-yu AI Zhi-lu
    2013, 29(3):490-493.
    [Abstract](947) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Effects of apple polyphenols on weight control of the rats were evaluated in the study. The experimental animals were male rats of Kunming strain. The tested rats were continually intragastrically adimistrated with apple polyphenols for 35 days. Their body weight, body length, body abdominal circumference, Lee’s index and blood glucose were measured when all rats were killed at 36 th day. The results showed that the treatment of apple polyphenols could significantly control body weight, Lee’s index,the ratio of fat mass to body weight and blood glucose(p<0.05). Compared with model group, the body weight of the moderate dose group and the high dose group decreased respectively by 37.50% and 11.84%. The ratio of fat mass to body weigh reduced respectively by 16.52%、23.48% and the blood glucose decreased by 12.5% and 14.03%, respectively.
    11  Quality Differences of Lycium barbarum L. Dried Fruit in Different Producing Areas
    LEI Jian-gang LIU Dun-hua GUO Jin
    2013, 29(3):494-497.
    [Abstract](1402) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    This paper mainly reported the differences of physical and chemical composition of Lycium barbarum L. dried fruit in eight areas ( Nanliang, Huinong, Guyuan, Zhongning, Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and Xinjiang), thus to compare the quality differences of Lycium barbarum L. in different producing areas. Seven kinds of physical and chemical composition and three kinds of active ingredient were determined. Also variance, significant analysis, weighted scoring and clustering analysis of the results were made. The results showed that the comprehensive weighted score and the order of comprehensive quality of Lycium barbarum L. in different areas as follows, Zhongning 7.3>Nanliang 5.1>Xinjiang 4.8>Huinong 4.5>Gansu 3.8>Qinghai 3.7>Inner Mongolia 3.6>Guyuan 3.2. The qualities of Lycium barbarum L. in NanLiang and HuiNong are very close to Zhongning’s. It was determined that the center of superior Lycium barbarum L. was in Ningxia, but the place has transferred to Nanliang and Huinong from Zhongning.
    12  Changes in Quality Characteristics of Chilled Pork Fillet by Electronic Beam Irradiation
    GU Ke-fei
    2013, 29(3):498-500.
    [Abstract](980) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    The effects of chilled pork fillet treated by electron beam irradiation. The results showed that Below 3.0 kGy irradiation, the values of TVB-N, peroxide value, TBARS and drop loss of vacuum-packaged chilled pork were 15.02?10-2 mg/g, 24.7 meq/kg, 0.30 mg/kg and 9.91% respectively. The color of chilled pork in this experiment was changed into the bright red and preserved stable in the storage-life. it smelled of little irradiated flavour which can vanished after 14d storage-life. When the irradiation dose was surpass 3 kGy, the highest values of TVB-N, peroxide value, TBARS and drop loss were 20.08?10-2 mg/g, 27.2 meq/kg, 0.52 mg/kg and12.0% respectively. The result exceeded the limits. And it smelt of irradiated flavour which was harmful for the edible value. In summary, lower irradiation dose (not over 3 kGy), electronic beam irradiation can extend shelf life of chilled pork fillet.
    13  Antioxidant and Analgesia Activities of Flavonoids from the Capillary artemisia
    QI Shan-hou
    2013, 29(3):501-504.
    [Abstract](932) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    The antioxidant and analgesia activities of flavonoids from Capillary artemisia were studied. The results showed that the flavonoids from the Capillary artemisia had obvious scavenging activity in vitro against OH and DPPH free radicals and showed obvious inhibiting effects on peanut oil oxidation. In vivo experiments showed that the flavonoid from the Capillary artemisia resulted in a notable decrease in acetic acid-induced writhing number and feet-licking number induced by heat or formaldehyde, indicating that it had alleviating effect on pain in mice induced by chemicals and inflammatory reaction. The flavonoids from Capillary artemisia have obvious antioxidant and analgesic activities.
    14  Influence of Temperatures on Formation of Flavour Ingredients in Fermentation of Shrimp Sauce
    FENG Ying-ying DUAN Shan LI Yuan-zhi
    2013, 29(3):505-509.
    [Abstract](1179) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    In this paper, shrimp waste was used to ferment shrimp sauce. AAN, TVBN and 5`-HMF, free amino acids and volatile flavor components in combination with sensory evaluation were adopted to study the influence of different temperatures on the formation of flavor ingredients in the fermentation. Results showed that temperature greatly influenced the formation of flavour ingredients.. Within the most suitable temperature range of 35~45 ℃, both the content of free amino acids and the flavour of shrimp sauce were higher than those at other temperature. Moreover, higher contents of free amino acids (17.1074 mg/g), alcohols (accounting for 4.63% of total volatile ingredients), pyrazines (accounting for 20.09% of total volatile ingredients) and less content of 1-hydrogen indole (accounting for 43.66% of total volatile ingredients) were produced at 35 ℃, compared with those above-mentioned index of the shrimp souce fermented at 45 ℃ (16.1434 mg/g, 1.79%, 10.21% and 67.79% respectively).
    15  Influence of Vacuum Cooling Technology on the Quality of Fresh Pork
    LIAO Cai-hu ZHONG Rui-min HUANG Guo-qing SHAN Bin
    2013, 29(3):510-512.
    [Abstract](1055) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    The influence of vacuum cooling and conventional cooling in fresh pork were discussed in this paper form sensory index. At the meantime, different vacuum cooling final temperature were discussed in order to determine the most suitable final temperature too. Compared with the conventional cooling method, the water loss of vacuum cooling was higher. Lower final temperature of vacuum cooling resulted in higher water loss. Compared to the cooling rate of -18 ℃ cold storage and 0 ℃ cold storage precooling, the vacuum cooling rate was 1.5 times higher than that of cold storage at -18 ℃ and 3 times higher than that of cold storage precooling at 0 ℃. Difference precooling way had the significant difference (P<0.05) in the physical and chemical properties (for example TPA , color difference, etc), however, the final temperature of vacuum cooling method was 4 ℃, under which the sensory index was more close to the fresh pork than the other precooling way.
    16  Model Establishment and Kinetics Analysis of the Extraction of Polysaccharide from the Fruits of Phellinus Igniarius
    CHENG Wei QIN Jun-zhe DU Jun-guo
    2013, 29(3):513-518.
    [Abstract](1249) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Based on the unsteady diffusion processing of ultrasonic assisted extraction of chemical composition from Chinese herbal medicine, the extraction process model of ultrasonic assisted cellulase was estibulished to extract polysaccharide from the fruiting bodies of Phellinus igniarius according to Fick's second law. The dynamics processing model of hot water extraction and ultrasonic assisted cellulase extraction was developed and verified by experiments. A series of dynamic parameters of rate constant, activation energy and relative extraction rate were analyzed. The results showed that the experimental data well coincide with the dynamic model calculated values, and the models could describe the process well. The result provided certain basis for Phellinus igniarius polysaccharide extraction magnification engineering and in-depth theoretical study of polysaccharide extraction processing.
    17  Physicochemical Properties of Wheat Resistant Starch by Autoclave Method Combined with Repeated Freezing and Melting
    TANG Xue-Juan LIU Li-Bin Huang Ji-Hong WANG Juan
    2013, 29(3):519-522.
    [Abstract](1257) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    The autoclave method combined with repeated freezing and melting for preparation of wheat resistant starch was studied. And the physicochemical and structure properties of wheat resistant starch were investigated. The results showed that after freezing and melting treatment for 6 times, the content of wheat resistant starch reached the highest (18.31%). The water-holding ability, solubility and swelling capacity were influenced by the times of freezing and melting treatment.
    18  Purification and Structural Charateristics of Phoxim
    WANG Li LI Yi XIONG Xiao-hui LU Li-xia
    2013, 29(3):523-525.
    [Abstract](919) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Silica gel column chromatography was used to purify the phoxim technical. It can be characterized by IR spectra and 1H NMR. The content was determined quantitatively by HPLC. The results showed that the best mobile phase was Ethyl acetate-petroleum ether (1:12). IR spectra and 1H sNMR analysis showed that the phoxim was the same as its molecular structure. The purity of the achieved compound by HPLC was 98.6%.
    19  Construction and EST Analysis of cDNA Library of the Rosy Barb's 1-6 Somite Develomental Stage
    XUE Ji-yu
    2013, 29(3):526-530.
    [Abstract](1419) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Abstract In the present study a cDNA library of the rosy barb 1-6 somite stage was constructed. The titer of the cDNA library was estimated as~1.4×106 pfu/mL with the recombination rate above 80%. 112 clones with insert≥1kb to sequence were randomly picked and 83 independent sequences were got. BLASTX analysis of the 83 cDNAs showed that the amino acid sequences of the polypeptides deduced from 73 of the clones were strong matches(P<10-10) to those of previously identified proteins, while the other (10 cDNAs) showed no similarity using the present sequence determination and database analysis. On the basis of these results, 2 cDNAs for genes were identified being associated with Cytoskeleton and motility and 6 genes for proteins were related to Signal transduction. And 5 genes were for energy conversion and 8 genes were for protein sythesis. In addition, 3 gens were for development related proteins, and 2 genes were forimmunal proteins. And 27 genes were for hypothetical protein and 20 genes were for others. This study provided a preliminary view of the gene information involved in the development of the rosy barb 1-6 somite stage.
    20  The Immunoregulatory Function of Ganoderma Iucidum Spores Oil
    JIANG Li HUANG Yuan-ying YIN Guang-ling
    2013, 29(3):531-533.
    [Abstract](1266) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    The immunoregulation effect of Ganoderma lucidum spores oil on mice was studied by administrating the rats with Ganoderma lucidum spores oil for 30 days consecutively with the dose of 333, 667 and 1000 mg/(kg?bw). Immunological indexes were measured. Proliferation and transformation of spleen lymphocytes in the mice were increased and delayed anaphylactic reaction was intensified. The number of antibody-producing cells and the level of serum hemolysin and the activity of NK cells enhanced. Ganoderma lucidum spores oil can strengthen the immunofunction of mice.
    21  Study on Antioxidation Property of Acylated Anthocyanins from Lonicera edulis Turcz
    ZHANG Zhi ZANG Yun WANG Qun
    2013, 29(3):534-538.
    [Abstract](1318) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    In this article, the purified anthocyanins from Lonicera edulis Turcz was acylated. The UV absorption spectrum and infrared spectrum showed that the sample had been acylated successfully. To research the antioxidant activity of anthocyanin derivatives, the following experiments were carried out, including the scavenging effects on DPPH?,?OH, O2?and H2O2. anti-lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant and reduction capacities with Vc and no acylated sample as the control group. The results showed that, anthocyanin derivatives exhibited antioxidant abilities in a dose dependent manner. The total antioxidant capacity was stronger than Vc and the scavenging effects on ?OH, O2?and H2O2 were close to Vc, but the reduction capacity, anti-lipid peroxidation and the scavenging effect on DPPH? were weaker than Vc.
    22  Study on Extraction Technology of Dietary Fiber from Buckwheat Brans
    YANG Fu-lian GUO Cui-cui
    2013, 29(3):539-542.
    [Abstract](1093) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Dietary fiber was extracted from buckwheat brans by alkaline hydrolysis method. The optimum extraction condition was found by single-factor and orthogonal experiment, and the properties of dietary fiber were also studied. The results showed that the optimum extraction condition was as follows: the temperature of alkaline hydrolysis 80 ℃, the concentration of NaOH 1.0%, the ratio of material to solution 1:16 (g/mL), and the time of alkaline hydrolysis 80 min. Under these conditions, the yield of dietary fiber was 20.39%. The water holding capacity of insoluble dietary fiber, swelling capacity, and solubility of soluble dietary fiber were 5.97 g/g, 7.4 mL/g and 96%, respectively.
    23  Optimization of Ultrasonic and Microwave Asssisted Extraction Process for Phytosterol from Maize Silk
    XU Yan-yang WU Hai-cheng REN Hui ZHU Zhi-hong LI Ke-jing ZHANG Fan
    2013, 29(3):543-548.
    [Abstract](1033) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    In order to optimize ultrasonic and microwave assisted extraction process for phytosterol from maize silk, effects of ultrasonic time, ultrasonic power, ratio of solid-liquid and microwave time on phytosterol extraction rate from corn stigma were evaluated. Based on single factor tests, Box-Behnken experimental Design was used and a regression model was established by Response Surface method. Results showed that optimum process conditions were as follows: ultrasonic time 55.00 min, ultrasonic power 200 W, solid-liquid rate 1:40 (g/mL) and microwave time 16 min. Under these conditions, 0.76% of phytosterol extraction rate was obtained. Tested and predicted values for phytosterol extraction rate were similar basically. The results contributed to the development of phytosterol from maize silk.
    24  Medium Optimization for Liquid Fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum Producing Intracellular Polysaccharides
    TAN Cai-deng LIAO Yan-zhi WU Yu-hao GONG Yan-mei XIAO Hong WU Xiao-yan LI Ping-fan
    2013, 29(3):549-552.
    [Abstract](1312) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    The culture of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium was researched for production of the mycelial intracellular polysaccharides through liquid fermentation method, using mycelial biomass and mycelial intracellular polysaccharide as the indicator. And the influence of carbon sources, nitrogen sources and trace elements on the growth of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium and polysaccharide yield were evaluated through single factor and orthogonal experiment. The result showed that the perfect culture medium composition of producing mycelium with Ganoderma lucidum mycelium liquid fermentation was maltose 2.0%, yeast extract 2.0%, ZnSO4 0.015%, VB1 0.10%, KH2PO4 0.2%, MgSO4 0.05% and pH 6.0. Under the optimum conditions, the mycelial polysaccharide yield was up to 6.64%.
    25  Technology to Moisturizing Jujubes in South Xinjiang Region
    WANG Wen-hua WEN Ya-ni XU Yong XU Qian
    2013, 29(3):553-557.
    [Abstract](882) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    The paper takes Jun jujubes produced in Akesu region as the experimental material. By using solar drying device, the drying technology with moisturizing was applied in drying Jun jujubes, to study the influence of dehydrated conditions on the quality of Jun jujubes. The results showed that appropriate relative humidity can improve the color and luster of dehydrated Jun jujubes, reduce shell phenomenon during the drying process, reduce the nutritional loss of flavor substances and lower the deformation degree of jujubes. The best dehydrated technological conditions on Jun jujubes with humidity were listed as the following process: drying at 55 ℃ for 1h, heating up to 60 ℃ and maintaining for 1 h, heating up to 65 ℃ begin to humidify with the relative humidity of 62% and moisture time of 10 min, than continue dry it at 65 ℃ keep 170 min , and than heating up to 70 ℃ and maintain 3 h, fall of temperature to 60 ℃ and maintain 1h, drying it at 55 ℃ keep 1 h. Under such dehydrated conditions, the water content in dehydrated Jun jujubes is 22.07%. The dehydrated product is characterized by such features of full aesthetic appearance in bright color and soft texture.
    26  Screening of High Protease-producing Bacteria of Kefir Grians and Optimization of Fermentation Media
    GU Jin-lin XIA Yong-jun ZHANG Hong-fang REN Jin
    2013, 29(3):558-562.
    [Abstract](1081) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Ten strains,which could produce protease and had obvious hydrolysis circles on defatted milk powder plate,were isolated from Kefir Grians. Three strains KX-1, Kx-3, Kx-7, which ratio of transparent circle diameter to colony diameter was higher than 2.00 on defatted milk plate,were used to be isolated again through time-enzyme activity curve. The strain Kx-7 had the strongest protease activity (reached 146.43 U/mL) when fermented for 30 h. Single factor experiments were used to optimize the medium at first followed with the most important factors selection with Plackett-Burnan (PB) design. The results revealed that three important factors (fructose, casein and Triton X-100) had significant effects on protease production from Kx-7.
    27  Preparation and Identification of Polyclonal Antibodies against Salbutamol
    ZHANG Sai XU Qing-hua LI Wen-mei HE Xiao-wei
    2013, 29(3):563-567.
    [Abstract](1289) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    In order to prepare the polyclonal antibody against Salbutamol(SAL), SAL derivatives were prepared by four kinds of reactions, then they were coupled to BSA and OVA, synthesizing complete antigen. The protein concentration was determined by Ultraviolet spectrophotography and the coupling ratios of four immunogens were calculated. New Zealand white rabbits were immunized by four immunogens to develop anti-SAL ant?ibodies. All the antibodies and coating antigenes were screened and then selected the best combination. The polyclonal antiserum was purified by caprylic acid-ammonium sulfate precipitation. Antibody titer and specificity were analyzed by indirect ELISA. It turned out that the study successfully got the coupling of the SAL complete antigen and the coupling ratios of four immunogens were 9:1, 6:1, 6:1, 12:1, respectively. The optimal antibody-coated antigen combination was obtained and antibody titer was 1:64000. The antibody showed high cross-reactivity with clenbuterol(144%) and terbutaline (169%), without notable cross-reactivity with other structural analogues of SAL. This study lays the foundation for the establishment of Salbutamol, Clenbuterol and Terbutaline multi-residue enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
    28  Transesterification - crystallization Extraction of Cottonseed Oil Deodorizer Distillate Study on Phytosterol
    SUN Jing-tao DONG Juan XIAO Jing SHI Xue-wei
    2013, 29(3):568-570.
    [Abstract](1015) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    A process for extracting plant sterol from cotton oil deodorizer distillate and the crystal purification were studied. The optimal conditions for transesterification of sterol ester were obtained as followed: the rate of blend composition 1/5 (m/V), temperature 60 ℃, the dosage of catalyst 35% and time 4.0 hour. The recovery rate was 54.8% and purity of rough sterol was 82.10%.
    29  Effect of Different Process Conditions on Microbes and Enzyme Activities during the Pile-fermentation of Pu-erh Tea
    HU Jie LIU Tong-xun
    2013, 29(3):571-575.
    [Abstract](1169) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Effect of different process conditions on microbes (mould) and enzyme activities(polyphenol oxidase, cellulase and pectinase) during the pile-fermentation of Pu-erh tea was studied by orthogonal experiment in laboratory-scale. During pile-fermentation process, mould was growth in large number at the beginning then remained stable. Polyphenol oxidase exhibited 3 kinds of trends which were increase-less-increased, decreased after increasing and increase-less-increase-less. Cellulase and pectinase exhibited similar change trend that was decreased after increasing with various peak value and appearance time. In addition, mould and enzyme activities were remained at a high level by initial moisture content controlled in the range of 40% to 45%. There was no effect on mould and enzyme activities by pH modification. Mould was remained at a high level by turning intervals in 8 days and enzyme activities were remained at a high level by turning intervals in 6 days. Based on the contents of theabrownin, tea polyphenol and catechins, it indicated that Puerh tea would be excessive oxidation under high level initial moisture content (50%) and too high or too low turning interval frequency(4 d, 8 d). Therefore, proper process will benefit the quality improvement of Pu-erh tea.
    30  Selection, Breeding and Characteristics of Chlorella Strains
    WU Xiao-juan LIU Hai-yan GUJi-rui LUO Guo-qiang
    2013, 29(3):576-578.
    [Abstract](1132) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Growth pattern and biochemical composition of eleven strains of Chlorella were studied under controlled culture situation. The chemical constituents were analyzed in terms of growth, light use efficiency, pigment and protein. Of eleven species, the C5 strain showed higher growth rate, about 0.031 g/(L?d). The content of soluble protein was 44.73%. The pigment concentration of chlorophyll a and carotenoid was 29.05 mg/g and 15.35 mg/g, respectively.
    31  Optimizing Pigment Extraction from Physalis Alkekengi L using Response Surface Methodology
    SUN Hai-tao WANG Cheng
    2013, 29(3):579-582.
    [Abstract](1054) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    The response surface methodology based on single factor experiments and Box-Behnken design principle was used to optimize processing parameters of ultrasonic-assisted extraction for pigments from Physalis alkekengi L. Results showed that the optimal processing conditions of extraction were liquid/material ratio of 7:1 (mL/g), ultrasonic power of 160 W, ultrasonic temperature of 41 ℃, and ultrasonic time of 53 min. Under these conditions the pigment yield was 2.68%.
    32  Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction of Flavonoids from Lotus Leaf and Sophora japonica
    ZHANG Kun ZHANG Shuang-ling ZHANG Ren
    2013, 29(3):583-586.
    [Abstract](1257) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Flavonoids is a class of compounds with high economic value, which is abundant in various types of agricultural processing waste. Flavonoids from Lotus leaf and Sophora japonica were extracted by ethanol hot-dip and ultrasonic assisted method. The extraction conditions were optimized according to the orthogonal experiment. Then the composition and purity of the extractions were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Results showed that ultrasonic assisted extraction method was superior to ethanol hot-dip method. The optimum extracted conditions from Lotus leaf were as follows: ethanol concentration70%, temperature 35 ℃, extraction time 40 min, the ratio of material to solvent 1:40 (m:v). For the flavoids from Sophora japonica, the best extraction conditions were: the ethanol concentration70% , temperature 25 ℃, ultrasonic extraction time 35 min, and the ratio of material to solvent 1:40 (m:V). At the optimum conditions, the main component of the extractions was rutin and extraction yield reached 11.64% from the Lotus leaf and 15.47% from Sophora japonica. The research provided a basis to improve the value-added of agricultural processing waste.
    33  Study on Extraction of Carotenoids from Skin Residue of Apricot
    HE Xiao-xian LIU Chang-meng
    2013, 29(3):587-590.
    [Abstract](881) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Carotenoids are groups of important bioactive compounds,which possess important physiological functions as antioxidant, anti-aging, and preventing cancer or cardiovascular disease. With the growing demand of natural Carotenoids, people focus on the pomace or some processing wastes, gradually. In consideration of comprehensive utilization of the waste from apricot wine fermentation- residues, the effect of organic solvents on carotenoids from apricot residues was researched in this paper. The experimental results showed that the best solvent was the mixture of absolute ethyl alcohol-acetone (3:7) and the optimal parameters were as follows: the Carotenoids were extracted at 55 ℃ for 120minutes, at the ratio between material and solvent of 1:15, operated twice totally. Under the conditions, the yield of Carotenoids from apricot skin residue could reach up to228.62 μg/g.
    34  Preparation of the Components of Essential Oil from Tussilago Farfarae L. by the Method of Simultaneous Distillation Extraction and Supercritical Fluid Extraction
    SHU Jun-sheng HUANG Lan NIU Yong DAI Kui ZOU Peng MAO Jian
    2013, 29(3):591-595.
    [Abstract](1029) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Essential oil was extracted from Tussilago Farfarae L. by the methods of simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). The main chemical components of essential oils were determined by GC-MS and the similarities and differences between them were compared in this study. The results indicated that the yield of essential oil by SFE was higher than that by SDE. And the essential oil by SDE contained plenty volatile components with lower molecular weight, such as β-disabolene, cedrene oxide. Besides these volatile molecules, the essential oil by SFE contained some other characteristic components with higher molecular weight, such as tussilagone, faradiol and so on. The differences between these components of essential oils were caused by the function and characteristics of these two different extraction methods. All these suggested that it was important for the improvement of industrial extraction technology of essential oil.
    35  Effects of Ultrasonic Treatment under Mix Frequencies on Chinese Rice Wine Maturation
    CHEN Han-yong LI Bian-sheng CAI Ming-di
    2013, 29(3):596-600.
    [Abstract](1165) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Through the establishment of a balanced incomplete block design sensory evaluation method, from aroma, style and taste, this paper analysis the effects of ultrasonic treatment under mix frequencies on Chinese rice wine maturation. It was found that different ultrasonic treatment conditions had little effect on the rice wine aroma, and most wine samples had significantly increased on the style and taste. The combination of frequency and power density was the main factor influencing the aging. The effect of dual-frequency treatment was better than single-frequency and tri-frequency was better than dual-frequency. The dual frequency treatment with large differences was better than the treatment with small differences. The taste and style of the samples had a fluctuation change with the increase of power density, and reached the highest values at 60 W/L.
    36  Optimization of Extraction and Separation of Red Pigment from Amaranthus Paniculatus with Macroporous Adsorption Resin
    LIN Hai-zhu ZHANG Yun-lin XU Xiu-ying ZHENG Yi-min QIAO Yuan FU Shan-quan
    2013, 29(3):601-604.
    [Abstract](1151) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    AB-8 resin was selected out to purify the red pigment of Amaranthus paniculatus by orthogonal design. The best conditions for isolation of the red pigment of Amaranthus paniculatus were determined as follows: pH 3, adsorption velocity 1.2 mL/min, solution adsorbent 15% ethanol and elution velocity 0.9 mL/min. After AB-8 macroporous resin purification, greatly enhance the pigment quality.
    37  Study on Glycyrrhiza Residue with Tobacco Waste in Reconstitutted Tobacco Sheet based on Papermaking Method
    SHAO Gan-hui RAO Guo-hua XU Man TIAN Ying-zi CUI Chun WANG Qing-qing LUO Yu-nian MA Qian-li
    2013, 29(3):605-608.
    [Abstract](1274) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    With glycyrrhiza residue and tobacco waste as raw materials, the best production process conditions were researched using sensory evaluation and the physical properties of the sheet as index to produce tobacoo sheet by papermaking method. The experimental result demonstrated that the optimized retting parameters were 70 ℃, 30 min, liquid-solid ratio1:12. The best ratio of raw materials was glycyrrhiza residue 60% and tobacco waste 40%.
    38  Study on Fermentation Technique of Syzygium samarangense Wine
    LI Hong-yang XING Zeng-tong KE Yong-chun REN Hong XING Jun
    2013, 29(3):609-611.
    [Abstract](1047) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    In order to promote the development of the Syzygium samarangense processing industry, Syzygium samarangense wine fermentation process was researched. By examining a number of factors affect the fermentation effect, the best fermentation process was determined: yeast inoculum concentration of 0.6 g/L, initial pH 3.5, fermentation temperature 21~25 ℃ and fermentation time of 14 days. Trial Syzygium samarangense wine was yellow, clear and transparent. In addition, it showed a certain amount of Syzygium samarangense fruity bouquet, refreshing and unique style.
    39  Research of Blended Fermented Greengage and Tomato Juice Drink
    MA Zhen-lei YU Fang XU Yong-cai
    2013, 29(3):612-614.
    [Abstract](974) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    With greengage and tomato as the main raw materials, a new drink was prepared by adding healthful inulin and then fermentation with compound lactic acid bacteria. The best formula is determined by orthogonal experiment of 4 factor 3 level, and integrated balance method. The optimum process conditions were: the ratio of greengage juice to tomato juice 2.5:1, 40% juice, 5% inulin, 7% sugar, 0.1% CMC-Na, 5% citric acid bacteria, Lactobacillus bulgaricus(Lb)-Streptococcus thermophilus(St)-Lactobacillus plantarum(Lp) ratio 1:1:3, fermentation temperature 45 ℃, fermentation time 6 h, refrigerated storage temperature and time of 4 ℃ and 20 h. The color of the product was bright yellow and clear with sweet and sour and refreshing taste. It had no obvious hierarchical precipitation but had distinctive flavor of greengage and fermentation products.
    40  Assessment on Safety of Kduzu-glucosamine Formula
    HUANG Yue-chun SHEN Wei-hong WANG Zhu-bing WU Yi-fang LIU Dong-hui WEI Gang
    2013, 29(3):615-620.
    [Abstract](1454) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    According to procedures for toxicological assessment of supplement food, acute toxicity test, genetic toxicity test (Ames test,micronucleus test of born marrow in mice,sperm shape abnormality test in mice) and thirty-day feeding test in rats were conducted to assess toxicological safety of mice and rats fed with Kduzu-glucosamine formula. The results showed that mouse oral LD50 was above 20.0 g/(kg?bw). Ames test and micronucleus test of bone marrow cells and sperm shape abnormality test in mice were all negative. Rats after being fed Kduzu -glucosamine Formula for 30 d with three different doses groups grew well. Hematology and hematology biochemistry index were all normal. No abnormal symptoms were observed after gross anatomy. Kduzu-glucosamine formula belongs to the actual innocuous level and no-genetic toxicity, being used according to recommending amounts is safe.
    41  Analysis and Evaluation of Nutritional Components in Angelica keiskei
    XU Rong GUO Gang-jun YANG Yan YUAN Zhi-zhang
    2013, 29(3):621-624.
    [Abstract](1839) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Contents of nutritional components in Angelica keiskei were determined and evaluated including protein, crude fat, crude fiber, vitamin C, water, total ash, total sugar, total flavonoids, amino acid and mineral element. Results showed that the contents of water, protein, crude fat, total sugar, crude fiber, total ash, vitamin C and total flavonoids in angelica keiskei were 92.70%, 1.99%, 0.35%, 0.21%, 0.68%, 1.40%, 0.08 mg/g and 4.79 mg/g, respectively. Contents of fifteen amino acids,EAA/TAA ratio, and EAA/NEAA ratio were 20.01%, 43.83% and 78.02%, respectively. All kinds of human essential amino acids were found with a balanced proportion and the coefficient of amino acids was 65.10. The first limiting amino acids were Met and Cys in all human essential amino acids. The contents of phosphorus, kalium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, cuprum and manganese in mineral elements were 322 mg/kg, 4210 mg/kg, 1441 mg/kg, 478 mg/kg, 38 mg/kg , 2.36 mg/kg, 1.14 mg/kg and 55.70 mg/kg, respectively. Angelica keiskei was rich in all kinds of nutritional components, which had better exploitation value.
    42  The Change Laws of Starch Content of Luzhou-flavor Daqu in the Whole Making Process by Continuous Flow Chemical Analyzer
    LUO Hui-bo LI Dan-yu YANG Xiao-dong YE Guang-bin WEI Chun-hui
    2013, 29(3):625-628.
    [Abstract](956) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    The t starch content of Luzhou-flavor daqu were analyzed for the first time, using a continuous flow chemical analyzer and an optimal design was made for the starch extraction of daqu samples. By this way , the accurate and quick detection of samples of the whole making process were made, including the periods of fermentation and storage, in order to provide data support for other Physiological and biochemical indexes, and the research of dynamic change regulation of microbial. Results showed that the method precision was between 1.169~5.280%, and the average recovery rate of standard was 101.9465%. For earlier fermentation samples ,the optimal ratio of perchloric acid to ethanol were 0.5. For other samples, the best ratio was 0.4. All samples was magnetic stirred for10min.Starch content had a dramatic change in prophase of daqu fermentation, reach to 18.84%. And the starch contents showed a little decrease in storage phase, tending towards stability in late storage.
    43  Analysis for Vanillin in Food at Imidazole Type Carbon Ionic Liquids Modified Electrode
    CHEN Li-xin LI Xin-tian FANG Hong ZHOU Yuan
    2013, 29(3):629-632.
    [Abstract](931) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    A new kind of carbon paste electrode modified with ionic liquid BMIM BF4 was fabricated. In phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4), cyclic voltammetry and differential pulsc voltammetry were used to investigate the electrochemical behavior of vanillin at the modified dectrode and a new method for selective detection of vanillin was established. The results showed that the electrochemical response was greatly improved with the high conductivity of ILs compared with that of traditional CPE. The vanillin showed a sensitive oxidative peak at 0.440V (VS.SCE), and the peak current was linear to the concentration of vanillin ranging from 2.0 μg/mL-30.0 μg/mL with a detection limit of 1.0 μg/mL. The determination of vanillin hydrochloride was performed and the mechanism for the electrode process was also proposed.
    44  Determination of Seven Elements in EU Food Contact Plastic Materials and Vessels by ORS-ICP-MS
    YUE Fen-peng XIN Ming-liang WU Ying LI Yong-liang TIAN Yu-xuan ZHANG Jin-ling
    2013, 29(3):633-635.
    [Abstract](1249) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    According to the EU No.10/2011 on plastic materials and articles intended to come into contact with food, the contents of Ba, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Zn from food contact plastic materials and articles were determined by ORS-ICP-MS. Analytical conditions of ICP-MS were optimized in quantification to afford elimination of mass spectral interferences. For all elements, the correlation coefficient of the calibration curves was above 0.999 and the detection limits were in the range of 0.4~16 μg/L. The relative standard deviations were less than 3.5%. The recoveries are in the range of 86.2%~108.5%. The method was simple, sensitive and accurate. This method can meet the testing requirement of EU 10/2011 of food contact plastic materials and articles.
    45  Determination of Thirteen Elements in Sargassum Fusiforme by Microwave Digestion and ICP-MS and its Health Risk Assessment
    XU Xiu-lan
    2013, 29(3):636-639.
    [Abstract](1058) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    In this paper, the method for the determination of Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Mg and Zn in Sargassum Fusiforme by microwave digestion and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MP) was developed. Microwave digestion conditions and operational conditions of ICP-MS were optimized. Sc, Ge, In, Bi as internal standard elements were used to compensate matrix effect. Under the optimal conditions,the detection limits of the thirteen-elements are in the ranges of 0.004 to 1.90 μg/L with the RSD of 1.04%~3.65% and recoveries of 91.92%~109.36%. The results of certified reference were in good agreement with the certified value. The method was simple, fast and accurate, and suitable for daily inspection of Sargassum fusiforme, and it was important significance for quality control of culturing and processing industry of sargassum fusiforme. The risk index showed that heavy metal pollution in sargassum fusiforme was relative low and there was no significant risk for the populations exposed.
    46  Study on Extraction Volatiles in Peanut Oil by SDE
    LIANG Hui LU Bin-bin LU Qi-yu ZHANG Shao-bing
    2013, 29(3):640-643.
    [Abstract](1059) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    This paper extract and analysis volatiles in Aqueous Enzymatic Extraction of Peanut oil by SDE-GC-MS,optimized the condition of SDE. The result indicated that: the total volatile conpounds of peanut oil and pyrazine relative content raised with the increase of sample weight; Dichloromethane as an extraction solvent extracted the total volatile conpounds of peanut oil and pyrazine relative content more than ether extracion;66 volatile compounds are extracted using the sample weight 30g and extraction solvent dichloromethane, while 42 volatile compounds are identified with GC-MS. 6 pyrazines were 6.73%.
    47  Design of a Rapid Real-time Detection Method for Sesame Oil Flavoring Based on Electronic Nose
    MA Li-hui GAO Yong-yang ZHANG Ting DONG Meng XIN Wen-ping
    2013, 29(3):644-646.
    [Abstract](1625) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    For the rapid detection of sesame oil flavoring, a real-time and accurate detection of sesame oil flavoring system was developed. The system mainly consists of the data acquisition part and data processing components. The data acquisition part included gas sensor and the host computer; data processing part include a three-layer BP neural network which was trained in Matlab. During the experiment, 8 samples of sesame oil flavoring with different proportions and the standard samples were prepared for the neural network training. The test samples were verified. The system provided a basis method for the rapid detection of sesame oil flavoring.
    48  Effect of Different Esterification Methods on the Type andContent of Octadecatrienoic Acid in Trichosanthes Kirilowii Maxim Seed Oil
    SUN Xiao-hui LI Qian LV Ping LI Wei-wen DING Yu DING Zhi-en DONG Ling
    2013, 29(3):647-650.
    [Abstract](1077) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. seed oil extracted by Soxhletex traction were used as material. The acid value, iodine value and saponification value were analyzed. Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim seed oil were esterified by acid catalyst, alkali catalyst and BF3 catalyst.The differences in type and content between the different kinds of octadecatrienoic acid were studied via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the acid value, the iodine value and the saponification value were 0.51 mg KOH/g, 1.3398 g I2/g and 1.9143 g KOH/g. 5 octadecatrienoic acids were identified by acid-catalyzed esterification method, being of punicic acid (6.43%),catalpa acid (9.5%), α-eleostearic acid (7%), γ-linolenic acid (5.82%), and α-linolenic acid (1.52%). 4 octadecatrienoic acids were identified by alkali-catalyzed esterification method and BF3- catalyzed esterification method, being of punicic acid (31.24% and 27.17%), α-eleostearic acid (3.33% and 3.56%), catalpa acid (1.23% and 2.02%) and α - linolenic (0.38% and 0.78%). The quality indexes of the Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. seed oil met the national standards and it could be popularized. Alkali-catalyze esterification method was the most suitable method for Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. seed oil because of the minimum isomerization.
    49  Determination of Maltol in Tobacco and Tobacco Products by High-performance Ion Chromatographic
    SHU Jun-sheng SHE Shi-ke CHENG Kai-bo MAO Jian
    2013, 29(3):651-653.
    [Abstract](988) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    A new method was developed for the determination of trace maltol in tobacco products using anion-exchange column, sodium hydroxide eluent and electrochemical detector. The sodium hydroxide was used to promote ionization of maltol to its anionic form. The maltol can be eluted within 15 min by anion-exchange column CarboPac PA1 with elution of NaOH. Detection occurred by measuring the current generated when the maltol anions were oxidized on a glass carbon electrode of ED electrochemical detector. The presented method showed good linear relationship (r=0.9999) for maltol in the range of 2.60×10–2~26.00 mg/L, the detection limit was 2.26 μg∕L. This method has been applied to the determination of maltol in tobacco samples successfully, and the recoveries vary from 97% to 102%.
    50  Detection for Genetically Modified Composition of Soybean, Rice and Corn by Thin-film Biosensor Chips
    CHENG Xiao-Wei WANG Xiao-Yu HU Song-Nan XU Xi-Lin FENG Jia-Wang KUANG Xia-Shan YOU Shu-Zhu TANG Shi-Ming
    2013, 29(3):654-659.
    [Abstract](1123) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Nine exogenous DNA fragement were selected as target genes. Their primers and probes were designed and synthesized, and then the probes were immobilized in the Thin-Film Biosensor Chips. PCR was used to amplify the target sequence in food sample DNA, and then the Biochip was hybridized with PCR product. The chip displayed the hybridization result. The method can detect 5 kinds of common modified plant. It was efficient, accurate, simple, high-throughput, practical, sensitive (0.1%), and got rid of the dependence of fluorescence scanner.
    51  Determination of Biotin Content in Milk Powder by Immunoaffinity Column Purification-HPLC
    TONG Xiao-fang ZHANG Yong-sheng TAO Da-li JIANG Jin-Dou
    2013, 29(3):660-663.
    [Abstract](1381) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    The Immunoaffinity column purification - high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed in this paper for the determination of biotin in milk powder. Sample was dissolved with phosphate buffer and purified through biotin immunoaffinity column with ethanol, and concentrated to a direct determination after enrichment. UV detector wavelength was of 215 nm and C18 column was used at 35 ° C. Mobile phase is 50 mmol/L phosphate buffer salt (pH 3.5)-methanol (85:15, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0mL/min. Standard curve regression equation was y=343.2+220.797x with a correlation coefficient (r) being of 0.9958. The recovery was 90.7% and RSD was of 2.62%. The method detection limit was 1.0 μg/kg. Compared to the national standard method, the method had the advantages of easy sample handling, high sensitivity, good reproducibility, short analysis time to meet modulation milk powder and infant formula milk powder biotin content determination.
    52  Effect of Different Pre-treatment Methods on Detection Results of Organophosphorus Pesticide Residue Vegetables
    TIAN Jing-ruo CHEN Wen ZHANG Chang-jiang SUN Xi-shi TAN Tian-tian REN Jiao
    2013, 29(3):664-667.
    [Abstract](1115) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    To improve pre-treatment methods in vegetables organophosphorus pesticide residue detection, GB method, oscillation extraction method and ultrasonic extraction have been used to extract the pesticide residue in vegetables; And then enzyme inhibition method was used to determine the effect of ultrasonic time and the affects of three different ways (direct measurement, active carbon adsorption after filtration and 0.45 μm film filtration) were compared. The best pre-treatment methods was ultrasonic extracting for 10 min followed by a 0.45 μm film filtration, with which the response rate was the highest. Compared with the GB method, the accuracy, recovery and reproducibility of this method were higher.
    53  Comparative Analysis of Aroma Compositions of Two Camellia Chrysantha (Hu) Tuyama Species
    WEI Qing ZHANG Ling-yun
    2013, 29(3):668-672.
    [Abstract](1215) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Biochemical components in the leave of two Camellia chrysantha (Hu) Tuyama species were analyzed. The results showed that, the contents of water, water extract, total flavonoids and soluble sugar of Camellia nitidissima were 6.18%, 30.16%, 0.214% and 10.09%, respectively. For Camellia euphlebia the contents of those components were 10.06%, 18.97%, 0.445% and 3.69%, respectively. The content of total free amino acid in Camellia nitidissima was 6.5643 mg/g. The content of total free amino acid in Camellia euphlebia was 1.2720 mg/g. For the content of tea polyphenols, both of the samples were little. In general, Camellia nitidissima was more than Camellia euphlebia. As for aroma compositions, Camellia nitidissima was identified for 45 kinds, Camellia euphlebia was identified for 26 kinds. Camellia nitidissima was different from Camellia euphlebia in the contents of biochemical components. The development of Camellia nitidissima is more valuable.
    54  Utilization Status of the Resource of Marine Shellfish in China and Preliminary Study on its Development
    LIU Yuan WANG Jian SUN Jian-feng WANG Jie
    2013, 29(3):673-677.
    [Abstract](1396) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    This paper summarizes the situation of the resource of marine shellfish in China, and its utilization status in traditional processed food, functional food, medicine field and other fields. Besides, on the base of problems with the utilization of the resource of marine shellfish in China, four measures were proposed for Chinese shellfish development from the aspects of shellfish culture, technical equipment of shellfish processing, deep processing and comprehensive utilization of shellfish, and shellfish risk control.
    55  Researches of Microbiological Predictive Model and its Application on Food Industry
    CHI Hai LI Xue-Ying YANG Xian-Shi
    2013, 29(3):678-682.
    [Abstract](1454) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    In order to understand the quantity relationship between microbiological predictive model and growth, survival, death of microbiology in food, this paper summarized the basic principles of microbiological predictive model technology and formation and development of primary level, second level and tertiary level models briefly. In addition, research progress of microbiological predictive model on special spoilage and food pathogens microbiology and its application in food industry were introduced. Current issues and research fields were analyzed at the same time. Aims of this paper were to popularize microbiological predictive model technology, and improve processing levels in food industry after utilization.
    56  Reviews of Spirulina Algae in Clinical Application for Children
    SHEN Kai-ze ZHANG Yao YU Shao-lei YA Qiao WAN Qing-jia
    2013, 29(3):683-686.
    [Abstract](1035) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Spirulina is an easily digestible high protein product with high levels of beta-carotene, vitamin B12, iron and trace minerals, and the rare essential fatty acid y-linolenic acid. It has been consumed as a safely food ingredient and is currently used in health care and disease prevention. In this review, emphasis is given to the beneficial effects of Spirulina in children clinical trials conducted in the past 30 years. These human clinical trials have demonstrated various health benefits in young children with no side effects. In addition, current situation and existing problem on the research and development of children food sourced from Spirulina are analyzed. Some suggestions are also proposed for further developing Spirulina products for children in China.
    57  The Distribution of the Mercury Content in Chinese Marine Products and Their Safety Evaluation
    MIAO Li-Jun WANG Jing LIU Xiao-Guang
    2013, 29(3):687-691.
    [Abstract](1025) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    The data of mercury contents of marine products included 82 samplings of coastal provinces, published from 1991 to 2011. The spatial distribution and change trend of the mercury contents were analyzed. The sequencing of the provinces where the marine produced according to the average mercury content is Jiangsu>Zhejiang>Fujian>Guangdong>Liaoning. In four kinds of marine products, the sequence of mercury contents was Molluscs >Fish>Shellfish>Shrimp and Crab. In China, the mercury content in Shellfish maintained a low level before 2005, but increased gradually after 2005, reached the highest value in 2010, and then declined. The mercury content in fish, Shrimp and Crab increased after 2005, reached the highest value in 2009, and then declined. The average mercury content in marine products of every province in our country was qualified. The sea area of the highest of biological quality standards was 84.6%.
    58  Progress in Research on Effect of Different Processing and Storage Methods for Changes of Nutritious and Antioxidant Activities
    WANG Meng-lei CHEN Fu-sheng YANG Hong-shun CHEN Ya-min LI Meng
    2013, 29(3):692-697.
    [Abstract](1132) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Fruit and vegetables are important sources of vitamin, non-vitamin phytochemicals and antioxidant activity. It was recommended by dietary guidance that people need to consume enough fruit and vegetables. However, the nutrients, functional components and antioxidant properties of the fresh fruit and vegetables were different from that being processed. This review discusses the effects of processing and storage, such as canning, cooking, refrigeration storage and freezing storage, on vitamin content, non-vitamin phytochemicals content and antioxidant activities of fruit and vegetables. A mass of research indicated that processing and storage caused the loss of phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of most kinds of fruit and vegetables. The information will be helpful to guide people to eat fruit and vegetables after processing and storage.

    Editor in chief:李琳

    Inauguration:现代食品科技

    International standard number:ISSN 1673-9078

    Unified domestic issue:CN 44-1620/TS

    Domestic postal code:46-349

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