Comparison of Microstructure and Quality of Instant Noodle Prepared with Different Drying Methods
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Abstract:
The effects of five different drying methods [Hot air drying (HAD), freeze-drying (FD), microwave dry (MD), Microwave vacuum drying (MVD), hot air followed by microwave drying (HAD+MD)] on the physical properties and microstructure of instant noodle were investigated. The results showed that the order of different drying rates was as follow: MVD > MD > HAD+MD > HAD > FD. The order of rehydration rate was as follow: FD > MVD > MD > HAD+MD > HAD. There was no significant difference in total color difference between FD group and MVD group (p>0.05). The total color difference of HAD was 19.56, and the color of the surface was poor. There was no significant difference in total color difference between HAD+MD group and MD group (p>0.05). After rehydrated for 4 min, the texture analysis showed that the MD and MVD groups had the best ductility (81.58 g/sec and 72.58 g/sec, respectively), while the shear force of the FD group showed poor performance. The hardness and mastication of the HAD group were relatively large (1652.88 g and 5294.77 g, respectively). The results of scanning electron microscope showed that uniform and dense pore structure was observed in both FD group and MVD group. The non-uniform pore structure was observed in MD group and HAD+MD group, while the pore structure was hardly observed in HAD group. The results of sensory evaluation showed that FD group was the best, MVD and MD slice was the second, HAD+MD and HAD slice was the worst. In conclusion, MVD drying method could be used as a suitable dehydration method to develop the noodle in Xinjiang soup noodle products.
