Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum dy-1 Fermented Barley Extract on the Differentiation and Lipid Metabolism of 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes
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Abstract:
Lactobacillus plantarum dy-1 isolated from pickles was used for barley fermentation to obtain Lactobacillus-fermented barley extract (LFBE), and the effect of this extract on 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism was investigated. The protein content in the extract was determined by the Kjeldahl method, the total phenol content was measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and the polysaccharide content was determined by the phenol-sulfuric acid method. The proliferation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes was estimated using the CCK-8 assay and their differentiation was determined using oil red O staining. Furthermore, the regulatory effect of LFBE on the mRNA expression levels of adipogenic genes was measured using real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The total phenol content in the LFBE was higher by 20.88% than the unfermented extract, while the protein content increased from 13.93% to 34.94% after fermentation. However, fermentation caused the polysaccharide content to decrease from 64.94% to 35.43%. Hence, LFBE effectively inhibited the growth of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC50 value of approximately 560 μg/mL. We found that 400 μg/mL of LFBE effectively inhibited the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, and the inhibitory rate achieved was 58.85% higher than that in the positive control. Apart from up-regulating the mRNA level of glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4), LFBE significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of key adipogenic genes including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ), ccaat-enhancer-binding protein-alpha (C/EBPα), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP1B), and adipocyte protein 2 (aP2). These results indicated that LFBE significantly suppressed adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation by inhibiting the transcription of genes related to lipid metabolism. Hence, LFBE has potential applications in the prevention and control of obesity.
