采用 Heracles 超快速气相电子鼻技术结合化学计量学模型,基于气味特征建立一种新的、快速准确鉴别草果产地的分析方法。采用气相电子鼻获得不同产地草果的气味色谱信息,对其中的色谱峰定性分析,明确不同产地草果气味差异化合物及其相对气味活度值(ROAV),基于此,建立主成分分析(PCA)、判别因子分析(DFA)的化学计量学模型,以快速区分草果的产地,并结合 KEGG 通路对草果主要香气化合物进行代谢途径分析。相对气味活度值表明4-乙基-2-甲氧基苯酚、3-甲基-2,4-壬烷二酮、反式-2,4-癸二烯醛三种化合物是影响草果气味的关键化合物,首次发现4-乙基-2-甲氧基苯酚是云南红河、西双版纳草果气味的最大贡献者,3-甲基-2,4-壬烷二酮是其他地区草果气味的最大贡献者。基于主要差异挥发性化合物建立的化学计量学模型,可以有效辨别草果的产地来源。此外,KEGG 通路分析结果表明单萜生物合成途径以及柠檬烯降解途径可能有利于草果香气的形成。超快速气相电子鼻技术结合化学计量学模型可以为药食两用资源草果的产地溯源鉴别提供参考。

To establish a new, rapid and accurate analysis method for identifying the origin of Amomum tsao-ko based on odor characteristics by using Heracles ultra-fast gas phase electronic nose technology combined with chemometrics model. The odor chromatographic information of Amomum tsao-ko from different regions was obtained by gas-phase electronic nose, and the chromatographic peaks were analyzed qualitatively , so as to clarify the odor differential compounds and their relative odor activity values(ROAV)of Amomum tsao-ko from different areas. Based on this, the chemometric models of principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant factor analysis (DFA) were established to quickly distinguish the habitats of Amomum tsao-ko, and the metabolic pathways of the main aroma volatile compounds of Amomum tsao-ko were analyzed by KEGG pathway. The relative odor activity showed that 4-Ethyl-2-methoxyphenol,3-methylnonane-2,4-dione and (2E,4E)-deca-2,4-dienalwere the key compounds that affected the odor of Amomum tsao-ko. It was found for the first time that 4- ethyl -2- methoxyphenol was the biggest contributor to the smell of Amomum tsao-ko in Honghe and Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, while 3- methyl -2,4- nonanedione was the biggest contributor to the smell of Amomum tsao-ko in other areas. The chemometric model based on the main differential volatile compounds could effectively identify the origin of Amomum tsao-ko. In addition, KEGG pathway analysis showed that monoterpene biosynthesis pathway and limonene degradation pathway may be beneficial to the formation of its aroma. The assay of combination ultra-fast gas-phase electronic nose technology with chemometric model could provide reference for fast origin identification for Amomum tsao-ko, which is the homology of medicine and food.

兴滇英才支持计划项目（No. 20220273）；云南省匡海学专家工作站(202305AF150029)