为明确不同产地甜瓜植物生长调节剂残留状况，探明其残留风险。该研究以2020年广西，海南、河北、辽宁、江苏、吉林132份甜瓜样品为研究对象，参照DB65/T 3970-2017《蔬菜和水果中17种植物生长调节剂残留量的测定液相色谱- 串联质谱法》开展了样品中6种植物生长调节剂残留水平的定量分析，比较了不同产地甜瓜植物生长调节剂残留差异，进而开展了各产区残留植物生长调节剂的急、慢性膳食摄入风险评估和风险排序。甜瓜样品中残留5种植物生长调节剂，其中脱落酸残留样品占比最高为72.13%，其次是多效唑、矮壮素、氯吡脲、烯效唑，残留样品占比分别为11.48%、9.29%、4.37%、2.73%。残留的5种植物生长调节剂，其慢性膳食摄入风险在0%~0.119 7%，平均值为0.015 2%；急性膳食摄入风险在0%~9.714 1%，平均值为0.669 2%，均远低于100%，处于安全水平。风险排序得分，无高风险植物生长调节剂，且不同产地残留样品风险得分不同。综合残留样品占比、急、慢性膳食风险评估及风险得分来看，eMRL建议制定修订多效唑、矮壮素、烯效唑的最大残留限量值分别为9、4、1 mg/kg，且脱落酸和多效唑的残留风险相对较高，建议加强关注。

In order to clarify the residue status of plant growth regulators in melons from different production areas and to explore the residue risk, in this study, 132 melon samples from Guangxi, Hainan, Hebei, Liaoning, Jiangsu and Jilin in 2020 were used as the research objects. Quantitative analysis of the residue levels of six plant growth regulators in these samples was carried out with reference to DB65/T 3970-2017 "Determination of residues of 17 plant growth regulators in vegetables and fruits by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry". The differences in residues of plant growth regulators in the melons from different production areas were compared, and then the acute and chronic risk assessment and risk ranking fordietary intake of residual plant growth regulators in the melons from different production areas were carried out. There were 5 kinds of plant growth regulators left in the melon samples, among which abscisic acid residues accounted for the highest proportion (72.13%), followed by paclobutrazole, chlorpyramide, and enbutrazole (accounting for 11.48%, 9.29%, 4.37% and 2.73%, respectively). In terms of the five residual plant growth regulators, the chronic risk of their dietary intake ranged from 0% to 0.119 7%, with an average value of 0.015 2%; The acute risk of their dietary intake ranged from 0% to 9.714 1%, with a mean value of 0.669 2%. Both risks were well below 100% and at a safe level. Risk ranking score revealed that there were no high-risk plant growth regulators, and the risk scores of residual samples from different origins were different. Based on the proportion of residual samples, acute and chronic dietary risk assessment and risk scores, eMRL recommends to formulate and revise the maximum residue limits of paclobutrazole, polycarboxylin and enbutrazole to 9, 4 and 1 mg/kg, respectively, and the residue risks of abscisic acid and paclobutrazole are relatively high. Thus, it is recommended to pay more attention.

财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系资助（CARS-25）；新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项（2022A02006-1）；新疆西甜瓜产业技术体系资助（XJARS-06）