为解决莲子储存和加工过程中莲子霉变的早期检测问题，通过模拟体外加速霉变过程，采用气相色谱-离子迁移谱(Gas Chromatography-ion Mobility Spectroscopy,GC-IMS)联用技术对莲子受霉菌浸染过程中的挥发性有机化合物（Volatile Organic Compounds,VOCs）进行分析。从自然霉变莲子分离鉴定得到7株真菌，通过接种溜曲霉（Aspergillus tamarii）、假灰绿曲霉（Aspergillus pseudoglaucus）、柑橘青霉（Penicillium citrinum）、肉桂紫青霉（Penicillium cinnamopurpureum）混菌液，对正常莲子进行体外加速霉变。GC-IMS检测出73种挥发性有机化合物，主要为酯类、醇类、醛类、酮类和酸类。通过热图聚类分析和主成分分析，比较了各种挥发性有机化合物的的差异和相似之处，结果表明在不同浸染阶段霉变莲子的挥发性有机化合物的差异显著，其中乳酸乙酯、1,3?丁二醇和丁酸异戊酯均可确认是早期检测莲子发生霉变的潜在生物标记。该研究旨在评价挥发性有机化合物在莲子霉变早期监测和预警中的作用，对莲子的贮存和质量控制具有重要意义。

To address the issue of early detection of mold in lotus seeds during storage and processing, gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) was applied to analyze the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the mildew infiltration process of lotus seeds by simulating the accelerated mildew process in vitro. Seven strains of fungi were isolated and identified from naturally moldy lotus seeds, and in vitro, accelerated mildewing of normal lotus seeds was carried out by inoculation with Aspergillus tamarii, Aspergillus pseudoglaucus, Penicillium citrinum, and Penicillium cinnamopurpureum. Utilizing GC-IMS, the analysis detected 73 volatile organic compounds, mainly esters, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and acids. The study employed heat map clustering and principal component analysis to explore the differences and similarities among the various volatile organic compounds. It was found that volatile organic compounds displayed significant variability across different stages of dyeing. Ethyl lactate, 1,3-butanediol, and isoamyl butyrate were recognized as prospective biomarkers for the early detection of lotus seed mold. This study aimed to evaluate the role of volatile organic compounds in the early monitoring and early warning of lotus seed mildew, which has important implications for the storage and quality control of lotus seeds.

企业委托项目（31-C-2020-006）