该文探究了酸枣仁皂苷A（Jujuboside A，JuA）对抑郁模型小鼠行为及神经突触可塑性相关蛋白表达的作用。通过悬尾实验、强迫游泳实验、旷场实验、Morris水迷宫实验评价小鼠的抑郁状态，免疫组织化学染色法检测小鼠海马组织中脑源性神经营养因子（Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor，BDNF）的表达水平，Western blot实验检测小鼠海马组织酪氨酸激酶受体B（Tyrosine Kinase Receptor B，TrkB）、cAMP反应元件结合蛋白（cAMP Responsive Element Binding，CREB）、突触后密度蛋白95（Postsynaptic Density Protein 95，PSD95）、自噬效应蛋白Beclin1（Autophagy Effector Protein Beclin1，Beclin1）的表达水平。结果表明，JuA显著改善抑郁模型小鼠的抑郁状态。同时，JuA作用后海马组织BDNF、TrkB、CREB、PSD95、Beclin1的表达水平较模型组分别上调了190.23%、137.24%、76.29%、169.32%、82.53%。综上所述，JuA对抑郁模型小鼠具有显著的抗抑郁作用，并能明上调BDNF、TrkB、CREB、PSD95、Beclin1等神经突触可塑性相关蛋白的表达。实验结果为JuA在抑郁症临床治疗方面的应用提供理论依据，并为探究抑郁症药物治疗靶点提供参考。

The effects of Jujuboside A (JuA) on the behavior and synaptic plasticity-related proteins in mouse models of depression were investigated. The depressive state of the mice was assessed through the tail suspension test (TST), forced swimming test (FST), open field test (OFT), and Morris water maze (MWM) test. Additionally, the expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus were determined using immunohistochemistry. Western blotting was then employed to assess the expression levels of tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB), cAMP responsive element binding (CREB), postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95), and autophagy effector protein Beclin1 (Beclin1). The results demonstrated that JuA significantly improved the depressive status in the mouse models. Furthermore, compared to the model group, the treatment group exhibited a substantial increase in the expression levels of BDNF (190.23%), TrkB (137.24%), CREB (76.29%), PSD95 (169.32%), and Beclin1 (82.53%) in the hippocampus post-JuA treatment. In summary, JuA exhibited substantial antidepressant effects on mice models of depression, significantly up-regulating the expression levels of hippocampal synaptic plasticity-related proteins, including BDNF, TrkB, CREB, PSD95, and Beclin1. This study establishes a theoretical foundation for the potential clinical application of JuA in treating depression. Additionally, it provides references for exploring therapeutic targets in pharmacy for depression.

国家中医药管理局中药标准化项目（ZYBZH-Y-JL-25）