葡聚糖蔗糖酶是一类从蔗糖合成具有不同结构和物理化学性质的α-葡聚糖的酶工具。这些α-葡聚糖在食品、医学和生物材料等方面具有多种商业应用价值，特别是用于开发填充型甜味剂、益生元和面团改良剂。糖苷水解酶第70家族的其他亚家族的发现将反应底物扩展到淀粉和糊精，丰富了产物中糖苷键的种类和组成方式，扩大了合成新型α-葡聚糖的范围。序列比对和构象分析结果表明：通过对关键氨基酸残基进行突变或修饰，可有效改变产物的糖苷键构成、分子量和支化程度；GtfB、GtfC和GtfD是GtfA亚家族和糖苷水解酶第13家族的进化中间产物。该综述介绍了α-葡聚糖的分类和常见的糖苷水解酶第70家族成员，对酶构效关系方面的关键进展进行分析，并展望通过酶工程技术去理性设计更高效、更稳定、更个性化的α-葡聚糖合成工具。

Glucansucrases are promising enzymatic tools for the synthesis of α-glucans with different structural and physicochemical properties from sucrose. These α-glucans have been found to have a variety of commercial applications in food, medicine, and biomaterials, particularly in the development of filled sweeteners, prebiotics, and dough improvers. The discovery of other subfamilies of the glycoside hydrolase family 70 (GH70) extended the reaction substrate to starch and dextrin, increased the variety and composition of glycosidic bonds in the product, and developed the scope for synthesizing novel α-glucans. Based on sequence comparisons and conformational analysis, it was found that the glycosidic bond composition, molecular weight, and degree of branching of the products were altered by mutation or modification of key amino acid residues. GtfB, GtfC and GtfD are evolutionary intermediates of dextransucrase (GtfA) and GH13. This paper introduces the classification of α-glucan and common GH70 members, analyzes key advances in enzyme conformational relationships, and outlines the rational design of more efficient, stable, and diverse α-glucan synthesis tools using enzyme engineering techniques.

广西重点研发计划项目（桂科AB21220054）；广东省科学院发展专项资金项目（2022GDASZH-2022010110）