该文研究了羊乳酪蛋白酶解物（Goat Milk Casein Hydrolysates，GMCH）促进睡眠的功效及作用机制。采用保健食品规范方法（睡眠实验、巴比妥钠睡眠潜伏期实验、延长戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间实验、戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量催眠实验）判定GMCH高、中、低剂量组（700、400、100 mg/kg）改善小鼠睡眠的功效。进一步通过旷场实验深入探究GMCH对小鼠行为学的影响，最后测定小鼠下丘脑中睡眠相关神经递质分泌含量。结果表明，GMCH无直接睡眠作用，与空白组相比，GMCH低、中、高剂量组小鼠睡眠潜伏期分别缩短42.86%、56.63%、91.18%，睡眠时间分别延长34.46%、48.83%、63.19%，入睡率分别提高20.00%、60.00%、80.00%。在旷场中的运动总路程缩短，中央停留次数、中央停留时间和静止总时间均增加。下丘脑中GABA含量显著升高64.72%、41.16%、56.19%，5-HT含量显著升高25.87%、33.50%、43.67%、DA含量显著降低7.02%、12.85%、13.72%，NE含量显著降低18.73%、23.37%、29.41%。综上，GMCH具有改善小鼠睡眠的作用，有一定镇静作用，可能通过调节小鼠下丘脑中的神经递质水平起到促睡眠作用。

The effects of goat milk casein hydrolysates (GMCH) on sleep promotion and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. Health food standardized methods (sleep test, sodium barbitone sleep latency test, prolonged pentobarbital sleep time test, and subthreshold dose sodium pentobarbital hypnosis test) were used to determine the efficacies of high-dose, medium-dose, and low-dose GMCH groups (700, 400, 100 mg/kg) in improving sleep in mice. Open-field experiments were used to explore further the effects of GMCH on mouse behaviors, and finally the levels of sleep-related neurotransmitters secreted in the hypothalamus of mice were measured. The results showed that GMCH had no direct effect on sleep. Compared with the blank group, the sleep latency of the mice in low-, medium- and high-dose GMCH groups was shortened by 42.86%, 56.63% and 91.18%, respectively; the sleep time was extended by 34.46%, 48.83% and 63.19%, respectively; and the rate of falling asleep increased by 20%, 60% and 80%, respectively. In the open field experiments, the total movement distance was shortened, and the number of central stay, the central stay duration and total rest time increased. The GABA content in the hypothalamus significantly increased (by 64.72%, 41.16% and 56.19%, respectively), the 5-HT content significantly increased (by 25.87%, 33.50% and 43.67%, respectively), and the DA content significantly decreased (by 7.02%, 12.85% and 13.72%, respectively). The NE content significantly decreased (by 18.73%, 23.37% and 29.41%, respectively). In conclusion, GMCH can improve the sleep of mice and has a certain sedative effect, which may play a sleep-promoting role through regulating the level of neurotransmitters in the hypothalamus of mice.

国家自然科学基金项目（31972078）；第67批中国博士后面上项目（2020M672651）；创新平台与人才计划（2019TP2066）