灰树花是一种食、药兼用的蕈菌，含有多种对人类有益活性成分，其多糖是一种功能性多糖，具有独特的结构和多种生理活性，可以改善高热量饮食所造成的脂肪代谢异常，在调节脂肪代谢作用中具有毒性小、作用广和靶点多等特点。脂肪代谢紊乱是血液和组织中脂质及其代谢产物发生异常，由高脂饮食、缺乏运动以及代谢综合症等因素诱发其发生和发展，严重危害人类健康。脂肪代谢障碍会导致血脂异常、动脉硬化和肥胖等代谢相关疾病，严重影响身体健康甚至危及生命。近年来，许多天然多糖可以作为益生元，通过调控关键基因的表达以及肠道微生物群来预防代谢紊乱。灰树花多糖可以作为功能性食品用于治疗或预防高脂血症、动脉硬化以及肥胖等疾病。该研究将从调节甘油三酯和脂肪酸、胆固醇以及肠道菌群结构等方面探讨灰树花多糖对脂肪代谢的影响。

Grifola frondosa is one of edible and medicinal fungi, containing many active ingredients that are beneficial to human beings. The polysaccharide of Grifola frondosa is a kind of functional polysaccharides with unique structure and multiple bioactiviites. It can ameliorate abnormal lipid metabolism caused by high calorie diet, has the characteristics of low toxicity, wide-spectrum function and many targets in regulating lipid metabolism. Lipid metabolism disorder refers to the abnormality of lipids and their metabolites in the blood and other tissues. High-fat diet, lack of exercise, metabolic syndrome and other factors can cause the occurrence and development of lipid metabolism disorder, which seriously harms human health. Lipid metabolism disorder may lead to dyslipidemia, arteriosclerosis and obesity, which can seriously affect health and even threaten life. In recent years, many natural polysaccharides have been used as prebiotics to prevent metabolic disorders through regulating the expression of key genes and gut microbiota. Grifola frondosa polysaccharide can be used as a functional food to treat or prevent hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis and obesity. This paper explores the effects of Grifola frondosa polysaccharide on lipid metabolism from the aspects of regulating triglycerides, fatty acids and cholesterol metabolism as well as gut microflora structure.

北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项（KJCX20200208）；北京市农林科学农产品加工与营养健康协同创新中心项目（KJCX201915）